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230 lines
6.3 KiB
Markdown
230 lines
6.3 KiB
Markdown
# Kopia
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###### guide-by-example
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WORK IN PROGRESS<br>
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WORK IN PROGRESS<br>
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WORK IN PROGRESS<br>
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# Purpose & Overview
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Backups.
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* [Official site](https://kopia.io/)
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* [Github](https://github.com/kopia/kopia)
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Kopia is a new open source backup utility with basicly **all** modern features.</br>
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Cross-platform, deduplication, encryption, compression, multithreaded speed,
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native cloud storage support, GUI versions, repository replication, snapshots mounting,...
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Written in golang.
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In this setup kopia cli is used to backup docker containers and the host,
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but general use and concepts are universal.</br>
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# Some aspects of Kopia
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* Kopia configuraiton uses term policies to apply to various
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- global policy, from which repos inherit settings
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- repos policy created on repo creation
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* Backup configuration is stored in a repository where backups are stored.<br>
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* You connect to a repository before using it, and disconnect afterwards.<br>
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Only one repository can be connected at the time(at least for cli version).
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* Currently to ignore a folder - `CACHEDIR.TAG` file can be placed inside,
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with specific [content](https://bford.info/cachedir/)
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and set policy: `--ignore-cache-dirs true`
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* Maintence is automatic
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* ..
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# Files and directory structure
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```
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/home/
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│ └── ~/
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│ └── docker/
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│ ├── container-setup #2
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│ ├── container-setup #1
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│ ├── ...
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│
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/mnt/
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│ └── mirror/
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│ └── KOPIA/
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│ └── arch_docker_host/
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│
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/opt/
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└── kopia-backup-home-etc.sh
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```
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only the script `kopia-backup-home-etc.sh` in /opt is created<br>
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uf, systemd unit files too, but I am not "drawing" /etc/systemd/system/ up there...
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even this will probably get deleted
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# The setup
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### install kopia
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for arch linux, kopia is on AUR `yay kopia-bin`
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### the initial steps
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use of sudo so that kopia has access everywhere<br>
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* **the policy info and change**
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`sudo kopia policy get --global`<br>
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`sudo kopia policy list`<br>
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`sudo kopia policy set --global --ignore-cache-dirs true --keep-annual 1 --keep-monthly 6 --keep-weekly 4 --keep-daily 14 --keep-hourly 0 --keep-latest 14`<br>
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* **repo creation**
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`mkdir -p /mnt/mirror/KOPIA/docker_host_kopia`<br>
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`sudo kopia repository create filesystem --path /mnt/mirror/KOPIA/docker_host_kopia`<br>
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`sudo kopia repository connect filesystem --path /mnt/mirror/KOPIA/docker_host_kopia`<br>
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`sudo kopia repository status`<br>
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* **manual run**
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`sudo kopia snapshot create /home/spravca/docker /etc`<br>
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`sudo kopia snapshot list`<br>
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* **mounting a backup**
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`sudo kopia snapshot list`<br>
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`sudo kopia mount k7e2b0a503edd7604ff61c68655cd5ad7 /mnt/tmp &`<br>
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`sudo umount /mnt/tmp`<br>
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### the backup script
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`/opt/kopia-backup-home-etc.sh`
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```bash
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#!/bin/bash
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#sudo kopia policy set --global --ignore-cache-dirs true --keep-annual 1 --keep-monthly 6 --keep-weekly 4 --keep-daily 14 --keep-hourly 0 --keep-latest 14
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REPOSITORY_PATH='/mnt/mirror/KOPIA/docker_host_kopia'
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BACKUP_THIS='/home /etc'
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KOPIA_PASSWORD='aaa'
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kopia repository connect filesystem --path $REPOSITORY_PATH --password $KOPIA_PASSWORD
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kopia snapshot create $BACKUP_THIS
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kopia repository disconnect
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```
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### Scheduled backups using systemd
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Usually cron is used, but systemd provides better logging and control,
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so better get used to using it.<br>
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[Heres](https://github.com/kopia/kopia/issues/2685#issuecomment-1384524828)
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some discussion on unit files.<br>
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[ntfy](https://github.com/binwiederhier/ntfy) is used for notifications,
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more info [here](https://github.com/DoTheEvo/selfhosted-apps-docker/tree/master/gotify-ntfy-signal#linux-systemd-unit-file-service)
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```kopia-home-etc.service```
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```ini
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[Unit]
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Description=kopia backup
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Wants=network-online.target
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After=network-online.target
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ConditionACPower=true
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# OnFailure=ntfy@failure-%p.service
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# OnSuccess=ntfy@success-%p.service
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[Service]
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Type=oneshot
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# Lower CPU and I/O priority.
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Nice=19
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CPUSchedulingPolicy=batch
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IOSchedulingPriority=7
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IPAccounting=true
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PrivateTmp=true
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Environment="HOME=/root"
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ExecStart=/opt/kopia-backup-home-etc.sh
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```
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```kopia-home-etc.timer```
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```ini
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[Unit]
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Description=Run kopia backup
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[Timer]
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OnCalendar=*-*-* 02:00:00
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RandomizedDelaySec=10min
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Persistent=true
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[Install]
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WantedBy=timers.target
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```
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# Mounting network storage using systemd
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* files are placed in `/etc/systemd/system`
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* the name of mount and automount files MUST correspond with the path<br>
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replacing `/` with a `-`,
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but otherwise it must be the mounting path in the name
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* for mounting that does not fail on boot if there are network issues,
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and mounts the target only on request - enable `automount` file,
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not `mount` file, so:<br>
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`sudo systemctl enable mnt-mirror.automount`
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`mnt-mirror.mount`
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```ini
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[Unit]
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Description=3TB truenas mirror mount
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[Mount]
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What=//10.0.19.11/Mirror
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Where=/mnt/mirror
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Type=cifs
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Options=rw,username=kopia,password=aaa,file_mode=0644,dir_mode=0755,uid=1000,gid=1000
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[Install]
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WantedBy=multi-user.target
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```
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`mnt-mirror.automount`
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```ini
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[Unit]
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Description=3TB truenas mirror mount
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[Automount]
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Where=/mnt/mirror
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[Install]
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WantedBy=multi-user.target
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```
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# Remote backup
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... some day ...
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# Kopia in Windows
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While GUI version seems like a way to go.. well its not there yet.
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The schedule it uses is running only under a user, theres no certainty it will run.
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So here goes cli version
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* [download](https://github.com/kopia/kopia/releases/) latest named kopia-X.XX.X-windows-x64.zip
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, \~11MB
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* extract, move to `C:\kopia`
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* download `win_vss_before.ps1` and `win_vss_after.ps1` from this repo,
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or crete them from
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[here](https://kopia.io/docs/advanced/actions/#windows-shadow-copy)
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* kopia-backup-home-etc.sh
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* powershell as as administrator
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* --enable-actions
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* in tray, right click on the icon - `Launch At Startup`<br>
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this creates registry entry - *HKCU\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Run\KopiaUI*
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*
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kopia policy set <target_dir> --before-folder-action "powershell -WindowStyle Hidden <path_to_script>\before.ps1"
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kopia policy set <target_dir> --after-folder-action "powershell -WindowStyle Hidden <path_to_script>\after.ps1"
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