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212 lines
8.1 KiB
Markdown
212 lines
8.1 KiB
Markdown
% notcurses_cell(3)
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% nick black <nickblack@linux.com>
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% v3.0.9
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# NAME
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notcurses_cell - operations on nccell objects
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# SYNOPSIS
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**#include <notcurses/notcurses.h>**
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```c
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// See DESCRIPTION below for information on EGC encoding
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typedef struct nccell {
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uint32_t gcluster; // 4B → 4B
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uint8_t gcluster_backstop; // 1B → 5B (8 bits of zero)
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uint8_t width; // 1B → 6B (8 bits of column width)
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uint16_t stylemask; // 2B → 8B (16 bits of NCSTYLE_* attributes)
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uint64_t channels;
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} nccell;
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#define CELL_TRIVIAL_INITIALIZER \
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{ .gcluster = '\0', .stylemask = 0, .channels = 0, }
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#define CELL_SIMPLE_INITIALIZER(c) \
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{ .gcluster = (c), .stylemask = 0, .channels = 0, }
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#define CELL_INITIALIZER(c, s, chan) \
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{ .gcluster = (c), .stylemask = (s), .channels = (chan), }
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#define NCALPHA_HIGHCONTRAST 0x30000000ull
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#define NCALPHA_TRANSPARENT 0x20000000ull
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#define NCALPHA_BLEND 0x10000000ull
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#define NCALPHA_OPAQUE 0x00000000ull
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```
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**void nccell_init(nccell* ***c***);**
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**int nccell_load(struct ncplane* ***n***, nccell* ***c***, const char* ***gcluster***);**
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**int nccell_prime(struct ncplane* ***n***, nccell* ***c***, const char* ***gcluster***,
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uint32_t ***stylemask***, uint64_t ***channels***);**
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**int nccell_duplicate(struct ncplane* ***n***, nccell* ***targ***, const nccell* ***c***);**
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**void nccell_release(struct ncplane* ***n***, nccell* ***c***);**
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**int nccell_cols(const nccell* ***c***);**
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**void nccell_styles_set(nccell* ***c***, unsigned ***stylebits***);**
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**unsigned nccell_styles(const nccell* ***c***);**
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**bool nccellcmp(const struct ncplane* ***n1***, const nccell* ***c1***, const struct ncplane* ***n2***, const nccell* ***c2***);**
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**void nccell_on_styles(nccell* ***c***, unsigned ***stylebits***);**
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**void nccell_off_styles(nccell* ***c***, unsigned ***stylebits***);**
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**void nccell_set_fg_default(nccell* ***c***);**
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**void nccell_set_bg_default(nccell* ***c***);**
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**int nccell_set_fg_alpha(nccell* ***c***, unsigned ***alpha***);**
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**int nccell_set_bg_alpha(nccell* ***c***, unsigned ***alpha***);**
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**bool nccell_double_wide_p(const nccell* ***c***);**
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**const char* nccell_extended_gcluster(const struct ncplane* ***n***, const nccell* ***c***);**
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**char* nccell_strdup(const struct ncplane* ***n***, const nccell* ***c***);**
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**int nccell_load_char(struct ncplane* ***n***, nccell* ***c***, char ***ch***);**
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**int nccell_load_egc32(struct ncplane* ***n***, nccell* ***c***, uint32_t ***egc***);**
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**int nccell_load_ucs32(struct ncplane* ***n***, nccell* ***c***, uint32_t ***u***);**
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**char* nccell_extract(const struct ncplane* ***n***, const nccell* ***c***, uint16_t* ***stylemask***, uint64_t* ***channels***);**
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**uint64_t nccell_channels(const nccell* ***c***);**
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**uint32_t nccell_bchannel(const nccell* ***c***);**
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**uint32_t nccell_fchannel(const nccell* ***c***);**
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**uint64_t nccell_set_channels(nccell* ***c***, uint64_t ***channels***);**
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**uint64_t nccell_set_bchannel(nccell* ***c***, uint32_t ***channel***);**
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**uint64_t nccell_set_fchannel(nccell* ***c***, uint32_t ***channel***);**
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**uint32_t nccell_fg_rgb(const nccell* ***c***);**
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**uint32_t nccell_bg_rgb(const nccell* ***c***);**
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**unsigned nccell_fg_alpha(const nccell* ***c***);**
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**unsigned nccell_bg_alpha(const nccell* ***c***);**
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**unsigned nccell_fg_rgb8(const nccell* ***c***, unsigned* ***r***, unsigned* ***g***, unsigned* ***b***);**
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**unsigned nccell_bg_rgb8(const ncell* ***c***, unsigned* ***r***, unsigned* ***g***, unsigned* ***b***);**
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**int nccell_set_fg_rgb8(nccell* ***c***, unsigned ***r***, unsigned ***g***, unsigned ***b***);**
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**int nccell_set_bg_rgb8(nccell* ***c***, unsigned ***r***, unsigned ***g***, unsigned ***b***);**
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**void nccell_set_fg_rgb8_clipped(nccell* ***c***, int ***r***, int ***g***, int ***b***);**
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**void nccell_set_bg_rgb8_clipped(nccell* ***c***, int ***r***, int ***g***, int ***b***);**
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**int nccell_set_fg_rgb(nccell* ***c***, uint32_t ***channel***);**
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**int nccell_set_bg_rgb(nccell* ***c***, uint32_t ***channel***);**
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**bool nccell_fg_default_p(const nccell* ***c***);**
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**bool nccell_bg_default_p(const nccell* ***c***);**
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**int nccell_set_fg_palindex(nccell* ***cl***, unsigned ***idx***);**
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**int nccell_set_bg_palindex(nccell* ***cl***, unsigned ***idx***);**
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**uint32_t nccell_fg_palindex(const nccell* ***cl***);**
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**uint32_t nccell_bg_palindex(const nccell* ***cl***);**
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**bool nccell_fg_palindex_p(const nccell* ***cl***);**
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**bool nccell_bg_palindex_p(const nccell* ***cl***);**
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**int ncstrwidth(const char* ***text***)**;
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**int ncstrwidth_valid(const char* ***text***, int* ***validbytes***, int* ***validwidth***)**;
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# DESCRIPTION
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Cells make up the framebuffer associated with each plane, with one cell per
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addressable coordinate. You should not usually need to interact directly
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with **nccell**s.
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Each **nccell** contains exactly one extended grapheme cluster. If the EGC
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is encoded in UTF-8 with four or fewer bytes (all Unicode codepoints as of
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Unicode 13 can be encoded in no more than four UTF-8 bytes), it is encoded
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directly into the **nccell**'s **gcluster** field, and no additional storage
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is necessary. Otherwise, the EGC is stored as a nul-terminated UTF-8 string in
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some backing egcpool. Egcpools are associated with **ncplane**s, so **nccell**s
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must be considered associated with **ncplane**s. Indeed, **ncplane_erase**
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destroys the backing storage for all a plane's cells, invalidating them. This
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association is formed at the time of **nccell_load**, **nccell_prime**, or
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**nccell_duplicate**. All of these functions first call **nccell_release**, as
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do **nccell_load_egc32**, **nccell_load_char**, and **nccell_load_ucs32**.
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When done using a **nccell** entirely, call **nccell_release**.
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**ncplane_destroy** will free up the memory used by the **nccell**, but the
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backing egcpool has a maximum size of 16MiB, and failure to release **nccell**s
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can eventually block new output. Writing over an **ncplane**'s cells releases
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them automatically.
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**nccell_extended_gcluster** provides a nul-terminated handle to the EGC. This
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ought be considered invalidated by changes to the **nccell** or **egcpool**.
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The handle is **not** heap-allocated; do **not** attempt to **free(3)** it.
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A heap-allocated copy can be acquired with **nccell_strdup**.
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**ncstrwidth_valid** returns the number of columns occupied by a valid UTF-8
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string, or -1 if an error is encountered. In either case, the number of valid
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bytes and columns, respectively, consumed before error into ***validbytes***
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and ***validwidth*** (assuming them to not be **NULL**).
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**nccell_fg_palindex** extracts the palette index from a cell's foreground
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channel. The channel must be palette-indexed, or the return value is
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meaningless. Verify palette indexing with **nccell_fg_palindex_p**. A cell's
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foreground channel can be set to palette-indexed mode (and have the index set)
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with **nccell_set_fg_palindex**. The index must be less than **NCPALETTESIZE**.
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Replace **fg** with **bg** to operate on the background channel.
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# RETURN VALUES
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**nccell_load** and similar functions return the number of bytes loaded from the
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EGC, or -1 on failure. They can fail due to either an invalid UTF-8 input, or the
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backing egcpool reaching its maximum size.
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**nccell_set_fg_rgb8** and similar functions will return -1 if provided invalid
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inputs, and 0 otherwise.
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**nccellcmp** returns a negative integer, 0, or a positive integer if ***c1*** is
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less than, equal to, or more than ***c2***, respectively.
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**nccell_extended_gcluster** returns **NULL** if called on a sprixel (see
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**notcurses_visual(3)**.
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**nccell_cols** returns the number of columns occupied by ***c***, according
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to **wcwidth(3)***. **ncstrwidth** is an equivalent for strings.
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**ncstrwidth_valid** returns the same value as **ncstrwidth**.
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# NOTES
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**cell** was renamed to **nccell** in Notcurses 2.2.0, so as not to bleed such
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a common term into the (single, global) C namespace. **cell** will be retained
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as an alias until Notcurses 3.0. Likewise, many functions prefixed with **cell**
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have been renamed to start with **nccell**.
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# SEE ALSO
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**notcurses(3)**,
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**notcurses_channels(3)**,
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**notcurses_plane(3)**,
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**notcurses_output(3)**,
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**notcurses_visual(3)**,
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**wcwidth(3)**,
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**utf8(7)**
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