"1. Using the built-in [create_retrieval_chain](https://api.python.langchain.com/en/latest/chains/langchain.chains.retrieval.create_retrieval_chain.html), which returns sources by default;\n",
"2. Using a simple [LCEL](/docs/concepts#langchain-expression-language-lcel) implementation, to show the operating principle."
"2. Using a simple [LCEL](/docs/concepts#langchain-expression-language-lcel) implementation, to show the operating principle.\n",
"\n",
"We will also show how to structure sources into the model response, such that a model can report what specific sources it used in generating its answer."
]
},
{
@ -130,8 +132,8 @@
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"execution_count": 3,
"id": "820244ae-74b4-4593-b392-822979dd91b8",
"execution_count": null,
"id": "24a69b8c-024e-4e34-b827-9c9de46512a3",
"metadata": {},
"outputs": [],
"source": [
@ -211,11 +213,11 @@
"data": {
"text/plain": [
"{'input': 'What is Task Decomposition?',\n",
" 'context': [Document(page_content='Fig. 1. Overview of a LLM-powered autonomous agent system.\\nComponent One: Planning#\\nA complicated task usually involves many steps. An agent needs to know what they are and plan ahead.\\nTask Decomposition#\\nChain of thought (CoT; Wei et al. 2022) has become a standard prompting technique for enhancing model performance on complex tasks. The model is instructed to “think step by step” to utilize more test-time computation to decompose hard tasks into smaller and simpler steps. CoT transforms big tasks into multiple manageable tasks and shed lights into an interpretation of the model’s thinking process.', metadata={'source': 'https://lilianweng.github.io/posts/2023-06-23-agent/'}),\n",
" Document(page_content='Tree of Thoughts (Yao et al. 2023) extends CoT by exploring multiple reasoning possibilities at each step. It first decomposes the problem into multiple thought steps and generates multiple thoughts per step, creating a tree structure. The search process can be BFS (breadth-first search) or DFS (depth-first search) with each state evaluated by a classifier (via a prompt) or majority vote.\\nTask decomposition can be done (1) by LLM with simple prompting like \"Steps for XYZ.\\\\n1.\", \"What are the subgoals for achieving XYZ?\", (2) by using task-specific instructions; e.g. \"Write a story outline.\" for writing a novel, or (3) with human inputs.', metadata={'source': 'https://lilianweng.github.io/posts/2023-06-23-agent/'}),\n",
" Document(page_content='Resources:\\n1. Internet access for searches and information gathering.\\n2. Long Term memory management.\\n3. GPT-3.5 powered Agents for delegation of simple tasks.\\n4. File output.\\n\\nPerformance Evaluation:\\n1. Continuously review and analyze your actions to ensure you are performing to the best of your abilities.\\n2. Constructively self-criticize your big-picture behavior constantly.\\n3. Reflect on past decisions and strategies to refine your approach.\\n4. Every command has a cost, so be smart and efficient. Aim to complete tasks in the least number of steps.', metadata={'source': 'https://lilianweng.github.io/posts/2023-06-23-agent/'}),\n",
" Document(page_content=\"(3) Task execution: Expert models execute on the specific tasks and log results.\\nInstruction:\\n\\nWith the input and the inference results, the AI assistant needs to describe the process and results. The previous stages can be formed as - User Input: {{ User Input }}, Task Planning: {{ Tasks }}, Model Selection: {{ Model Assignment }}, Task Execution: {{ Predictions }}. You must first answer the user's request in a straightforward manner. Then describe the task process and show your analysis and model inference results to the user in the first person. If inference results contain a file path, must tell the user the complete file path.\", metadata={'source': 'https://lilianweng.github.io/posts/2023-06-23-agent/'})],\n",
" 'answer': 'Task decomposition involves breaking down a complex task into smaller and simpler steps. This process helps agents or models handle challenging tasks by dividing them into more manageable subtasks. Techniques like Chain of Thought and Tree of Thoughts are used to decompose tasks into multiple steps for better problem-solving.'}"
" 'context': [Document(metadata={'source': 'https://lilianweng.github.io/posts/2023-06-23-agent/'}, page_content='Fig. 1. Overview of a LLM-powered autonomous agent system.\\nComponent One: Planning#\\nA complicated task usually involves many steps. An agent needs to know what they are and plan ahead.\\nTask Decomposition#\\nChain of thought (CoT; Wei et al. 2022) has become a standard prompting technique for enhancing model performance on complex tasks. The model is instructed to “think step by step” to utilize more test-time computation to decompose hard tasks into smaller and simpler steps. CoT transforms big tasks into multiple manageable tasks and shed lights into an interpretation of the model’s thinking process.'),\n",
" Document(metadata={'source': 'https://lilianweng.github.io/posts/2023-06-23-agent/'}, page_content='Tree of Thoughts (Yao et al. 2023) extends CoT by exploring multiple reasoning possibilities at each step. It first decomposes the problem into multiple thought steps and generates multiple thoughts per step, creating a tree structure. The search process can be BFS (breadth-first search) or DFS (depth-first search) with each state evaluated by a classifier (via a prompt) or majority vote.\\nTask decomposition can be done (1) by LLM with simple prompting like \"Steps for XYZ.\\\\n1.\", \"What are the subgoals for achieving XYZ?\", (2) by using task-specific instructions; e.g. \"Write a story outline.\" for writing a novel, or (3) with human inputs.'),\n",
" Document(metadata={'source': 'https://lilianweng.github.io/posts/2023-06-23-agent/'}, page_content='Resources:\\n1. Internet access for searches and information gathering.\\n2. Long Term memory management.\\n3. GPT-3.5 powered Agents for delegation of simple tasks.\\n4. File output.\\n\\nPerformance Evaluation:\\n1. Continuously review and analyze your actions to ensure you are performing to the best of your abilities.\\n2. Constructively self-criticize your big-picture behavior constantly.\\n3. Reflect on past decisions and strategies to refine your approach.\\n4. Every command has a cost, so be smart and efficient. Aim to complete tasks in the least number of steps.'),\n",
" Document(metadata={'source': 'https://lilianweng.github.io/posts/2023-06-23-agent/'}, page_content=\"(3) Task execution: Expert models execute on the specific tasks and log results.\\nInstruction:\\n\\nWith the input and the inference results, the AI assistant needs to describe the process and results. The previous stages can be formed as - User Input: {{ User Input }}, Task Planning: {{ Tasks }}, Model Selection: {{ Model Assignment }}, Task Execution: {{ Predictions }}. You must first answer the user's request in a straightforward manner. Then describe the task process and show your analysis and model inference results to the user in the first person. If inference results contain a file path, must tell the user the complete file path.\")],\n",
" 'answer': 'Task decomposition involves breaking down a complex task into smaller and more manageable steps. This process helps agents or models tackle difficult tasks by dividing them into simpler subtasks or components. Task decomposition can be achieved through techniques like Chain of Thought or Tree of Thoughts, which guide the agent in breaking down tasks into sequential or branching steps.'}"
]
},
"execution_count": 5,
@ -251,18 +253,18 @@
{
"cell_type": "code",
"execution_count": 6,
"id": "22ea137c-1a7a-44dd-ac73-281213979957",
"id": "1950953a-e6f1-439d-b7b9-c3bd456e388d",
"metadata": {},
"outputs": [
{
"data": {
"text/plain": [
"{'input': 'What is Task Decomposition',\n",
" 'context': [Document(page_content='Fig. 1. Overview of a LLM-powered autonomous agent system.\\nComponent One: Planning#\\nA complicated task usually involves many steps. An agent needs to know what they are and plan ahead.\\nTask Decomposition#\\nChain of thought (CoT; Wei et al. 2022) has become a standard prompting technique for enhancing model performance on complex tasks. The model is instructed to “think step by step” to utilize more test-time computation to decompose hard tasks into smaller and simpler steps. CoT transforms big tasks into multiple manageable tasks and shed lights into an interpretation of the model’s thinking process.', metadata={'source': 'https://lilianweng.github.io/posts/2023-06-23-agent/'}),\n",
" Document(page_content='Tree of Thoughts (Yao et al. 2023) extends CoT by exploring multiple reasoning possibilities at each step. It first decomposes the problem into multiple thought steps and generates multiple thoughts per step, creating a tree structure. The search process can be BFS (breadth-first search) or DFS (depth-first search) with each state evaluated by a classifier (via a prompt) or majority vote.\\nTask decomposition can be done (1) by LLM with simple prompting like \"Steps for XYZ.\\\\n1.\", \"What are the subgoals for achieving XYZ?\", (2) by using task-specific instructions; e.g. \"Write a story outline.\" for writing a novel, or (3) with human inputs.', metadata={'source': 'https://lilianweng.github.io/posts/2023-06-23-agent/'}),\n",
" Document(page_content='The AI assistant can parse user input to several tasks: [{\"task\": task, \"id\", task_id, \"dep\": dependency_task_ids, \"args\": {\"text\": text, \"image\": URL, \"audio\": URL, \"video\": URL}}]. The \"dep\" field denotes the id of the previous task which generates a new resource that the current task relies on. A special tag \"-task_id\" refers to the generated text image, audio and video in the dependency task with id as task_id. The task MUST be selected from the following options: {{ Available Task List }}. There is a logical relationship between tasks, please note their order. If the user input can\\'t be parsed, you need to reply empty JSON. Here are several cases for your reference: {{ Demonstrations }}. The chat history is recorded as {{ Chat History }}. From this chat history, you can find the path of the user-mentioned resources for your task planning.', metadata={'source': 'https://lilianweng.github.io/posts/2023-06-23-agent/'}),\n",
" Document(page_content='Fig. 11. Illustration of how HuggingGPT works. (Image source: Shen et al. 2023)\\nThe system comprises of 4 stages:\\n(1) Task planning: LLM works as the brain and parses the user requests into multiple tasks. There are four attributes associated with each task: task type, ID, dependencies, and arguments. They use few-shot examples to guide LLM to do task parsing and planning.\\nInstruction:', metadata={'source': 'https://lilianweng.github.io/posts/2023-06-23-agent/'})],\n",
" 'answer': 'Task decomposition involves breaking down complex tasks into smaller and simpler steps to make them more manageable for autonomous agents or models. This process can be achieved by techniques like Chain of Thought (CoT) or Tree of Thoughts, which guide the model to think step by step or explore multiple reasoning possibilities at each step. Task decomposition can be done through simple prompting with language models, task-specific instructions, or human inputs.'}"
" 'context': [Document(metadata={'source': 'https://lilianweng.github.io/posts/2023-06-23-agent/'}, page_content='Fig. 1. Overview of a LLM-powered autonomous agent system.\\nComponent One: Planning#\\nA complicated task usually involves many steps. An agent needs to know what they are and plan ahead.\\nTask Decomposition#\\nChain of thought (CoT; Wei et al. 2022) has become a standard prompting technique for enhancing model performance on complex tasks. The model is instructed to “think step by step” to utilize more test-time computation to decompose hard tasks into smaller and simpler steps. CoT transforms big tasks into multiple manageable tasks and shed lights into an interpretation of the model’s thinking process.'),\n",
" Document(metadata={'source': 'https://lilianweng.github.io/posts/2023-06-23-agent/'}, page_content='Tree of Thoughts (Yao et al. 2023) extends CoT by exploring multiple reasoning possibilities at each step. It first decomposes the problem into multiple thought steps and generates multiple thoughts per step, creating a tree structure. The search process can be BFS (breadth-first search) or DFS (depth-first search) with each state evaluated by a classifier (via a prompt) or majority vote.\\nTask decomposition can be done (1) by LLM with simple prompting like \"Steps for XYZ.\\\\n1.\", \"What are the subgoals for achieving XYZ?\", (2) by using task-specific instructions; e.g. \"Write a story outline.\" for writing a novel, or (3) with human inputs.'),\n",
" Document(metadata={'source': 'https://lilianweng.github.io/posts/2023-06-23-agent/'}, page_content='The AI assistant can parse user input to several tasks: [{\"task\": task, \"id\", task_id, \"dep\": dependency_task_ids, \"args\": {\"text\": text, \"image\": URL, \"audio\": URL, \"video\": URL}}]. The \"dep\" field denotes the id of the previous task which generates a new resource that the current task relies on. A special tag \"-task_id\" refers to the generated text image, audio and video in the dependency task with id as task_id. The task MUST be selected from the following options: {{ Available Task List }}. There is a logical relationship between tasks, please note their order. If the user input can\\'t be parsed, you need to reply empty JSON. Here are several cases for your reference: {{ Demonstrations }}. The chat history is recorded as {{ Chat History }}. From this chat history, you can find the path of the user-mentioned resources for your task planning.'),\n",
" Document(metadata={'source': 'https://lilianweng.github.io/posts/2023-06-23-agent/'}, page_content='Fig. 11. Illustration of how HuggingGPT works. (Image source: Shen et al. 2023)\\nThe system comprises of 4 stages:\\n(1) Task planning: LLM works as the brain and parses the user requests into multiple tasks. There are four attributes associated with each task: task type, ID, dependencies, and arguments. They use few-shot examples to guide LLM to do task parsing and planning.\\nInstruction:')],\n",
" 'answer': 'Task decomposition is a technique used in artificial intelligence to break down complex tasks into smaller and more manageable subtasks. This approach helps agents or models to tackle difficult problems by dividing them into simpler steps, improving performance and interpretability. Different methods like Chain of Thought and Tree of Thoughts have been developed to enhance task decomposition in AI systems.'}"
]
},
"execution_count": 6,
@ -279,15 +281,25 @@
" return \"\\n\\n\".join(doc.page_content for doc in docs)\n",
"\n",
"\n",
"# This Runnable takes a dict with keys 'input' and 'context',\n",
"# formats them into a prompt, and generates a response.\n",
"Check out the [LangSmith trace](https://smith.langchain.com/public/0cb42685-e29e-4280-a503-bef2014d7ba2/r)\n",
"Check out the [LangSmith trace](https://smith.langchain.com/public/1c055a3b-0236-4670-a3fb-023d418ba796/r)\n",
"\n",
":::"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "markdown",
"id": "c1c17797-d965-4fd2-b8d4-d386f25dd352",
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"## Structure sources in model response\n",
"\n",
"Up to this point, we've simply propagated the documents returned from the retrieval step through to the final response. But this may not illustrate what subset of information the model relied on when generating its answer. Below, we show how to structure sources into the model response, allowing the model to report what specific context it relied on for its answer.\n",
"\n",
"Because the above LCEL implementation is composed of [Runnable](/docs/concepts/#runnable-interface) primitives, it is straightforward to extend. Below, we make a simple change:\n",
"\n",
"- We use the model's tool-calling features to generate [structured output](/docs/how_to/structured_output/), consisting of an answer and list of sources. The schema for the response is represented in the `AnswerWithSources` TypedDict, below.\n",
"- We remove the `StrOutputParser()`, as we expect `dict` output in this scenario."
"response = chain.invoke({\"input\": \"What is Chain of Thought?\"})"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"execution_count": 18,
"id": "7a8fc0c5-afb3-4012-a467-3951996a6850",
"metadata": {},
"outputs": [
{
"name": "stdout",
"output_type": "stream",
"text": [
"{\n",
" \"answer\": \"Chain of Thought (CoT) is a prompting technique that enhances model performance on complex tasks by instructing the model to \\\"think step by step\\\" to decompose hard tasks into smaller and simpler steps. It transforms big tasks into multiple manageable tasks and sheds light on the interpretation of the model's thinking process.\",\n",
ccurme
1 month ago
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