tview/doc.go

/*
Package tview implements rich widgets for terminal based user interfaces. The
widgets provided with this package are useful for data exploration and data
entry.

# Widgets

The package implements the following widgets:

  - [TextView]: A scrollable window that display multi-colored text. Text may
    also be highlighted.
  - [TextArea]: An editable multi-line text area.
  - [Table]: A scrollable display of tabular data. Table cells, rows, or columns
    may also be highlighted.
  - [TreeView]: A scrollable display for hierarchical data. Tree nodes can be
    highlighted, collapsed, expanded, and more.
  - [List]: A navigable text list with optional keyboard shortcuts.
  - [InputField]: One-line input fields to enter text.
  - [DropDown]: Drop-down selection fields.
  - [Checkbox]: Selectable checkbox for boolean values.
  - [Image]: Displays images.
  - [Button]: Buttons which get activated when the user selects them.
  - [Form]: Forms composed of input fields, drop down selections, checkboxes,
    and buttons.
  - [Modal]: A centered window with a text message and one or more buttons.
  - [Grid]: A grid based layout manager.
  - [Flex]: A Flexbox based layout manager.
  - [Pages]: A page based layout manager.

The package also provides Application which is used to poll the event queue and
draw widgets on screen.

# Hello World

The following is a very basic example showing a box with the title "Hello,
world!":

	package main

	import (
		"github.com/rivo/tview"
	)

	func main() {
		box := tview.NewBox().SetBorder(true).SetTitle("Hello, world!")
		if err := tview.NewApplication().SetRoot(box, true).Run(); err != nil {
			panic(err)
		}
	}

First, we create a box primitive with a border and a title. Then we create an
application, set the box as its root primitive, and run the event loop. The
application exits when the application's [Application.Stop] function is called
or when Ctrl-C is pressed.

If we have a primitive which consumes key presses, we call the application's
[Application.SetFocus] function to redirect all key presses to that primitive.
Most primitives then offer ways to install handlers that allow you to react to
any actions performed on them.

# More Demos

You will find more demos in the "demos" subdirectory. It also contains a
presentation (written using tview) which gives an overview of the different
widgets and how they can be used.

# Colors

Throughout this package, colors are specified using the [tcell.Color] type.
Functions such as [tcell.GetColor], [tcell.NewHexColor], and [tcell.NewRGBColor]
can be used to create colors from W3C color names or RGB values.

Almost all strings which are displayed can contain color tags. Color tags are
W3C color names or six hexadecimal digits following a hash tag, wrapped in
square brackets. Examples:

	This is a [red]warning[white]!
	The sky is [#8080ff]blue[#ffffff].

A color tag changes the color of the characters following that color tag. This
applies to almost everything from box titles, list text, form item labels, to
table cells. In a TextView, this functionality has to be switched on explicitly.
See the TextView documentation for more information.

Color tags may contain not just the foreground (text) color but also the
background color and additional flags. In fact, the full definition of a color
tag is as follows:

	[<foreground>:<background>:<flags>]

Each of the three fields can be left blank and trailing fields can be omitted.
(Empty square brackets "[]", however, are not considered color tags.) Colors
that are not specified will be left unchanged. A field with just a dash ("-")
means "reset to default".

You can specify the following flags (some flags may not be supported by your
terminal):

	l: blink
	b: bold
	i: italic
	d: dim
	r: reverse (switch foreground and background color)
	u: underline
	s: strike-through

Examples:

	[yellow]Yellow text
	[yellow:red]Yellow text on red background
	[:red]Red background, text color unchanged
	[yellow::u]Yellow text underlined
	[::bl]Bold, blinking text
	[::-]Colors unchanged, flags reset
	[-]Reset foreground color
	[-:-:-]Reset everything
	[:]No effect
	[]Not a valid color tag, will print square brackets as they are

In the rare event that you want to display a string such as "[red]" or
"[#00ff1a]" without applying its effect, you need to put an opening square
bracket before the closing square bracket. Note that the text inside the
brackets will be matched less strictly than region or colors tags. I.e. any
character that may be used in color or region tags will be recognized. Examples:

	[red[]      will be output as [red]
	["123"[]    will be output as ["123"]
	[#6aff00[[] will be output as [#6aff00[]
	[a#"[[[]    will be output as [a#"[[]
	[]          will be output as [] (see color tags above)
	[[]         will be output as [[] (not an escaped tag)

You can use the Escape() function to insert brackets automatically where needed.

# Styles

When primitives are instantiated, they are initialized with colors taken from
the global Styles variable. You may change this variable to adapt the look and
feel of the primitives to your preferred style.

# Unicode Support

This package supports unicode characters including wide characters.

# Concurrency

Many functions in this package are not thread-safe. For many applications, this
may not be an issue: If your code makes changes in response to key events, it
will execute in the main goroutine and thus will not cause any race conditions.

If you access your primitives from other goroutines, however, you will need to
synchronize execution. The easiest way to do this is to call
[Application.QueueUpdate] or [Application.QueueUpdateDraw] (see the function
documentation for details):

	go func() {
	  app.QueueUpdateDraw(func() {
	    table.SetCellSimple(0, 0, "Foo bar")
	  })
	}()

One exception to this is the io.Writer interface implemented by [TextView]. You
can safely write to a [TextView] from any goroutine. See the [TextView]
documentation for details.

You can also call [Application.Draw] from any goroutine without having to wrap
it in [Application.QueueUpdate]. And, as mentioned above, key event callbacks
are executed in the main goroutine and thus should not use
[Application.QueueUpdate] as that may lead to deadlocks.

# Type Hierarchy

All widgets listed above contain the [Box] type. All of [Box]'s functions are
therefore available for all widgets, too. Please note that if you are using the
functions of [Box] on a subclass, they will return a *Box, not the subclass. So
while tview supports method chaining in many places, these chains must be broken
when using [Box]'s functions. Example:

	// This will cause "textArea" to be an empty Box.
	textArea := tview.NewTextArea().
		SetMaxLength(256).
		SetPlaceholder("Enter text here").
		SetBorder(true)

You will need to call [Box.SetBorder] separately:

	textArea := tview.NewTextArea().
		SetMaxLength(256).
		SetPlaceholder("Enter text here")
	texArea.SetBorder(true)

All widgets also implement the [Primitive] interface.

The tview package is based on https://github.com/gdamore/tcell. It uses types
and constants from that package (e.g. colors and keyboard values).
*/
package tview