package authority import ( "context" "crypto" "crypto/sha256" "crypto/x509" "encoding/hex" "log" "strings" "sync" "time" "github.com/pkg/errors" "golang.org/x/crypto/ssh" "go.step.sm/crypto/pemutil" "go.step.sm/linkedca" "github.com/smallstep/certificates/authority/admin" adminDBNosql "github.com/smallstep/certificates/authority/admin/db/nosql" "github.com/smallstep/certificates/authority/administrator" "github.com/smallstep/certificates/authority/config" "github.com/smallstep/certificates/authority/policy" "github.com/smallstep/certificates/authority/provisioner" "github.com/smallstep/certificates/cas" casapi "github.com/smallstep/certificates/cas/apiv1" "github.com/smallstep/certificates/db" "github.com/smallstep/certificates/kms" kmsapi "github.com/smallstep/certificates/kms/apiv1" "github.com/smallstep/certificates/kms/sshagentkms" "github.com/smallstep/certificates/scep" "github.com/smallstep/certificates/templates" "github.com/smallstep/nosql" ) // Authority implements the Certificate Authority internal interface. type Authority struct { config *config.Config keyManager kms.KeyManager provisioners *provisioner.Collection admins *administrator.Collection db db.AuthDB adminDB admin.DB templates *templates.Templates linkedCAToken string // X509 CA password []byte issuerPassword []byte x509CAService cas.CertificateAuthorityService rootX509Certs []*x509.Certificate rootX509CertPool *x509.CertPool federatedX509Certs []*x509.Certificate certificates *sync.Map x509Enforcers []provisioner.CertificateEnforcer // SCEP CA scepService *scep.Service // SSH CA sshHostPassword []byte sshUserPassword []byte sshCAUserCertSignKey ssh.Signer sshCAHostCertSignKey ssh.Signer sshCAUserCerts []ssh.PublicKey sshCAHostCerts []ssh.PublicKey sshCAUserFederatedCerts []ssh.PublicKey sshCAHostFederatedCerts []ssh.PublicKey // Do not re-initialize initOnce bool startTime time.Time // Custom functions sshBastionFunc func(ctx context.Context, user, hostname string) (*config.Bastion, error) sshCheckHostFunc func(ctx context.Context, principal string, tok string, roots []*x509.Certificate) (bool, error) sshGetHostsFunc func(ctx context.Context, cert *x509.Certificate) ([]config.Host, error) getIdentityFunc provisioner.GetIdentityFunc authorizeRenewFunc provisioner.AuthorizeRenewFunc authorizeSSHRenewFunc provisioner.AuthorizeSSHRenewFunc // Policy engines policyEngine *policy.Engine adminMutex sync.RWMutex } type Info struct { StartTime time.Time RootX509Certs []*x509.Certificate SSHCAUserPublicKey []byte SSHCAHostPublicKey []byte DNSNames []string } // New creates and initiates a new Authority type. func New(cfg *config.Config, opts ...Option) (*Authority, error) { err := cfg.Validate() if err != nil { return nil, err } var a = &Authority{ config: cfg, certificates: new(sync.Map), } // Apply options. for _, fn := range opts { if err := fn(a); err != nil { return nil, err } } // Initialize authority from options or configuration. if err := a.init(); err != nil { return nil, err } return a, nil } // NewEmbedded initializes an authority that can be embedded in a different // project without the limitations of the config. func NewEmbedded(opts ...Option) (*Authority, error) { a := &Authority{ config: &config.Config{}, certificates: new(sync.Map), } // Apply options. for _, fn := range opts { if err := fn(a); err != nil { return nil, err } } // Validate required options switch { case a.config == nil: return nil, errors.New("cannot create an authority without a configuration") case len(a.rootX509Certs) == 0 && a.config.Root.HasEmpties(): return nil, errors.New("cannot create an authority without a root certificate") case a.x509CAService == nil && a.config.IntermediateCert == "": return nil, errors.New("cannot create an authority without an issuer certificate") case a.x509CAService == nil && a.config.IntermediateKey == "": return nil, errors.New("cannot create an authority without an issuer signer") } // Initialize config required fields. a.config.Init() // Initialize authority from options or configuration. if err := a.init(); err != nil { return nil, err } return a, nil } // reloadAdminResources reloads admins and provisioners from the DB. func (a *Authority) reloadAdminResources(ctx context.Context) error { var ( provList provisioner.List adminList []*linkedca.Admin ) if a.config.AuthorityConfig.EnableAdmin { provs, err := a.adminDB.GetProvisioners(ctx) if err != nil { return admin.WrapErrorISE(err, "error getting provisioners to initialize authority") } provList, err = provisionerListToCertificates(provs) if err != nil { return admin.WrapErrorISE(err, "error converting provisioner list to certificates") } adminList, err = a.adminDB.GetAdmins(ctx) if err != nil { return admin.WrapErrorISE(err, "error getting admins to initialize authority") } } else { provList = a.config.AuthorityConfig.Provisioners adminList = a.config.AuthorityConfig.Admins } provisionerConfig, err := a.generateProvisionerConfig(ctx) if err != nil { return admin.WrapErrorISE(err, "error generating provisioner config") } // Create provisioner collection. provClxn := provisioner.NewCollection(provisionerConfig.Audiences) for _, p := range provList { if err := p.Init(provisionerConfig); err != nil { return err } if err := provClxn.Store(p); err != nil { return err } } // Create admin collection. adminClxn := administrator.NewCollection(provClxn) for _, adm := range adminList { p, ok := provClxn.Load(adm.ProvisionerId) if !ok { return admin.NewErrorISE("provisioner %s not found when loading admin %s", adm.ProvisionerId, adm.Id) } if err := adminClxn.Store(adm, p); err != nil { return err } } a.config.AuthorityConfig.Provisioners = provList a.provisioners = provClxn a.config.AuthorityConfig.Admins = adminList a.admins = adminClxn return nil } // init performs validation and initializes the fields of an Authority struct. func (a *Authority) init() error { // Check if handler has already been validated/initialized. if a.initOnce { return nil } var err error // Set password if they are not set. var configPassword []byte if a.config.Password != "" { configPassword = []byte(a.config.Password) } if configPassword != nil && a.password == nil { a.password = configPassword } if a.sshHostPassword == nil { a.sshHostPassword = a.password } if a.sshUserPassword == nil { a.sshUserPassword = a.password } // Automatically enable admin for all linked cas. if a.linkedCAToken != "" { a.config.AuthorityConfig.EnableAdmin = true } // Initialize step-ca Database if it's not already initialized with WithDB. // If a.config.DB is nil then a simple, barebones in memory DB will be used. if a.db == nil { if a.db, err = db.New(a.config.DB); err != nil { return err } } // Initialize key manager if it has not been set in the options. if a.keyManager == nil { var options kmsapi.Options if a.config.KMS != nil { options = *a.config.KMS } a.keyManager, err = kms.New(context.Background(), options) if err != nil { return err } } // Initialize linkedca client if necessary. On a linked RA, the issuer // configuration might come from majordomo. var linkedcaClient *linkedCaClient if a.config.AuthorityConfig.EnableAdmin && a.linkedCAToken != "" && a.adminDB == nil { linkedcaClient, err = newLinkedCAClient(a.linkedCAToken) if err != nil { return err } // If authorityId is configured make sure it matches the one in the token if id := a.config.AuthorityConfig.AuthorityID; id != "" && !strings.EqualFold(id, linkedcaClient.authorityID) { return errors.New("error initializing linkedca: token authority and configured authority do not match") } linkedcaClient.Run() } // Initialize the X.509 CA Service if it has not been set in the options. if a.x509CAService == nil { var options casapi.Options if a.config.AuthorityConfig.Options != nil { options = *a.config.AuthorityConfig.Options } // Configure linked RA if linkedcaClient != nil && options.CertificateAuthority == "" { conf, err := linkedcaClient.GetConfiguration(context.Background()) if err != nil { return err } if conf.RaConfig != nil { options.CertificateAuthority = conf.RaConfig.CaUrl options.CertificateAuthorityFingerprint = conf.RaConfig.Fingerprint options.CertificateIssuer = &casapi.CertificateIssuer{ Type: conf.RaConfig.Provisioner.Type.String(), Provisioner: conf.RaConfig.Provisioner.Name, } } } // Set the issuer password if passed in the flags. if options.CertificateIssuer != nil && a.issuerPassword != nil { options.CertificateIssuer.Password = string(a.issuerPassword) } // Read intermediate and create X509 signer for default CAS. if options.Is(casapi.SoftCAS) { options.CertificateChain, err = pemutil.ReadCertificateBundle(a.config.IntermediateCert) if err != nil { return err } options.Signer, err = a.keyManager.CreateSigner(&kmsapi.CreateSignerRequest{ SigningKey: a.config.IntermediateKey, Password: []byte(a.password), }) if err != nil { return err } } a.x509CAService, err = cas.New(context.Background(), options) if err != nil { return err } // Get root certificate from CAS. if srv, ok := a.x509CAService.(casapi.CertificateAuthorityGetter); ok { resp, err := srv.GetCertificateAuthority(&casapi.GetCertificateAuthorityRequest{ Name: options.CertificateAuthority, }) if err != nil { return err } a.rootX509Certs = append(a.rootX509Certs, resp.RootCertificate) } } // Read root certificates and store them in the certificates map. if len(a.rootX509Certs) == 0 { a.rootX509Certs = make([]*x509.Certificate, len(a.config.Root)) for i, path := range a.config.Root { crt, err := pemutil.ReadCertificate(path) if err != nil { return err } a.rootX509Certs[i] = crt } } for _, crt := range a.rootX509Certs { sum := sha256.Sum256(crt.Raw) a.certificates.Store(hex.EncodeToString(sum[:]), crt) } a.rootX509CertPool = x509.NewCertPool() for _, cert := range a.rootX509Certs { a.rootX509CertPool.AddCert(cert) } // Read federated certificates and store them in the certificates map. if len(a.federatedX509Certs) == 0 { a.federatedX509Certs = make([]*x509.Certificate, len(a.config.FederatedRoots)) for i, path := range a.config.FederatedRoots { crt, err := pemutil.ReadCertificate(path) if err != nil { return err } a.federatedX509Certs[i] = crt } } for _, crt := range a.federatedX509Certs { sum := sha256.Sum256(crt.Raw) a.certificates.Store(hex.EncodeToString(sum[:]), crt) } // Decrypt and load SSH keys var tmplVars templates.Step if a.config.SSH != nil { if a.config.SSH.HostKey != "" { signer, err := a.keyManager.CreateSigner(&kmsapi.CreateSignerRequest{ SigningKey: a.config.SSH.HostKey, Password: []byte(a.sshHostPassword), }) if err != nil { return err } // If our signer is from sshagentkms, just unwrap it instead of // wrapping it in another layer, and this prevents crypto from // erroring out with: ssh: unsupported key type *agent.Key switch s := signer.(type) { case *sshagentkms.WrappedSSHSigner: a.sshCAHostCertSignKey = s.Sshsigner case crypto.Signer: a.sshCAHostCertSignKey, err = ssh.NewSignerFromSigner(s) default: return errors.Errorf("unsupported signer type %T", signer) } if err != nil { return errors.Wrap(err, "error creating ssh signer") } // Append public key to list of host certs a.sshCAHostCerts = append(a.sshCAHostCerts, a.sshCAHostCertSignKey.PublicKey()) a.sshCAHostFederatedCerts = append(a.sshCAHostFederatedCerts, a.sshCAHostCertSignKey.PublicKey()) } if a.config.SSH.UserKey != "" { signer, err := a.keyManager.CreateSigner(&kmsapi.CreateSignerRequest{ SigningKey: a.config.SSH.UserKey, Password: []byte(a.sshUserPassword), }) if err != nil { return err } // If our signer is from sshagentkms, just unwrap it instead of // wrapping it in another layer, and this prevents crypto from // erroring out with: ssh: unsupported key type *agent.Key switch s := signer.(type) { case *sshagentkms.WrappedSSHSigner: a.sshCAUserCertSignKey = s.Sshsigner case crypto.Signer: a.sshCAUserCertSignKey, err = ssh.NewSignerFromSigner(s) default: return errors.Errorf("unsupported signer type %T", signer) } if err != nil { return errors.Wrap(err, "error creating ssh signer") } // Append public key to list of user certs a.sshCAUserCerts = append(a.sshCAUserCerts, a.sshCAUserCertSignKey.PublicKey()) a.sshCAUserFederatedCerts = append(a.sshCAUserFederatedCerts, a.sshCAUserCertSignKey.PublicKey()) } // Append other public keys and add them to the template variables. for _, key := range a.config.SSH.Keys { publicKey := key.PublicKey() switch key.Type { case provisioner.SSHHostCert: if key.Federated { a.sshCAHostFederatedCerts = append(a.sshCAHostFederatedCerts, publicKey) } else { a.sshCAHostCerts = append(a.sshCAHostCerts, publicKey) } case provisioner.SSHUserCert: if key.Federated { a.sshCAUserFederatedCerts = append(a.sshCAUserFederatedCerts, publicKey) } else { a.sshCAUserCerts = append(a.sshCAUserCerts, publicKey) } default: return errors.Errorf("unsupported type %s", key.Type) } } } // Configure template variables. On the template variables HostFederatedKeys // and UserFederatedKeys we will skip the actual CA that will be available // in HostKey and UserKey. // // We cannot do it in the previous blocks because this configuration can be // injected using options. if a.sshCAHostCertSignKey != nil { tmplVars.SSH.HostKey = a.sshCAHostCertSignKey.PublicKey() tmplVars.SSH.HostFederatedKeys = append(tmplVars.SSH.HostFederatedKeys, a.sshCAHostFederatedCerts[1:]...) } else { tmplVars.SSH.HostFederatedKeys = append(tmplVars.SSH.HostFederatedKeys, a.sshCAHostFederatedCerts...) } if a.sshCAUserCertSignKey != nil { tmplVars.SSH.UserKey = a.sshCAUserCertSignKey.PublicKey() tmplVars.SSH.UserFederatedKeys = append(tmplVars.SSH.UserFederatedKeys, a.sshCAUserFederatedCerts[1:]...) } else { tmplVars.SSH.UserFederatedKeys = append(tmplVars.SSH.UserFederatedKeys, a.sshCAUserFederatedCerts...) } // Check if a KMS with decryption capability is required and available if a.requiresDecrypter() { if _, ok := a.keyManager.(kmsapi.Decrypter); !ok { return errors.New("keymanager doesn't provide crypto.Decrypter") } } // TODO: decide if this is a good approach for providing the SCEP functionality // It currently mirrors the logic for the x509CAService if a.requiresSCEPService() && a.scepService == nil { var options scep.Options // Read intermediate and create X509 signer and decrypter for default CAS. options.CertificateChain, err = pemutil.ReadCertificateBundle(a.config.IntermediateCert) if err != nil { return err } options.CertificateChain = append(options.CertificateChain, a.rootX509Certs...) options.Signer, err = a.keyManager.CreateSigner(&kmsapi.CreateSignerRequest{ SigningKey: a.config.IntermediateKey, Password: []byte(a.password), }) if err != nil { return err } if km, ok := a.keyManager.(kmsapi.Decrypter); ok { options.Decrypter, err = km.CreateDecrypter(&kmsapi.CreateDecrypterRequest{ DecryptionKey: a.config.IntermediateKey, Password: []byte(a.password), }) if err != nil { return err } } a.scepService, err = scep.NewService(context.Background(), options) if err != nil { return err } // TODO: mimick the x509CAService GetCertificateAuthority here too? } if a.config.AuthorityConfig.EnableAdmin { // Initialize step-ca Admin Database if it's not already initialized using // WithAdminDB. if a.adminDB == nil { if linkedcaClient != nil { a.adminDB = linkedcaClient } else { a.adminDB, err = adminDBNosql.New(a.db.(nosql.DB), admin.DefaultAuthorityID) if err != nil { return err } } } provs, err := a.adminDB.GetProvisioners(context.Background()) if err != nil { return admin.WrapErrorISE(err, "error loading provisioners to initialize authority") } if len(provs) == 0 && !strings.EqualFold(a.config.AuthorityConfig.DeploymentType, "linked") { // Create First Provisioner prov, err := CreateFirstProvisioner(context.Background(), a.adminDB, string(a.password)) if err != nil { return admin.WrapErrorISE(err, "error creating first provisioner") } // Create first admin if err := a.adminDB.CreateAdmin(context.Background(), &linkedca.Admin{ ProvisionerId: prov.Id, Subject: "step", Type: linkedca.Admin_SUPER_ADMIN, }); err != nil { return admin.WrapErrorISE(err, "error creating first admin") } } } // Load Provisioners and Admins if err := a.reloadAdminResources(context.Background()); err != nil { return err } // Load x509 and SSH Policy Engines if err := a.reloadPolicyEngines(context.Background()); err != nil { return err } // Configure templates, currently only ssh templates are supported. if a.sshCAHostCertSignKey != nil || a.sshCAUserCertSignKey != nil { a.templates = a.config.Templates if a.templates == nil { a.templates = templates.DefaultTemplates() } if a.templates.Data == nil { a.templates.Data = make(map[string]interface{}) } a.templates.Data["Step"] = tmplVars } // JWT numeric dates are seconds. a.startTime = time.Now().Truncate(time.Second) // Set flag indicating that initialization has been completed, and should // not be repeated. a.initOnce = true return nil } // GetDatabase returns the authority database. If the configuration does not // define a database, GetDatabase will return a db.SimpleDB instance. func (a *Authority) GetDatabase() db.AuthDB { return a.db } // GetAdminDatabase returns the admin database, if one exists. func (a *Authority) GetAdminDatabase() admin.DB { return a.adminDB } func (a *Authority) GetInfo() Info { ai := Info{ StartTime: a.startTime, RootX509Certs: a.rootX509Certs, DNSNames: a.config.DNSNames, } if a.sshCAUserCertSignKey != nil { ai.SSHCAUserPublicKey = ssh.MarshalAuthorizedKey(a.sshCAUserCertSignKey.PublicKey()) } if a.sshCAHostCertSignKey != nil { ai.SSHCAHostPublicKey = ssh.MarshalAuthorizedKey(a.sshCAHostCertSignKey.PublicKey()) } return ai } // IsAdminAPIEnabled returns a boolean indicating whether the Admin API has // been enabled. func (a *Authority) IsAdminAPIEnabled() bool { return a.config.AuthorityConfig.EnableAdmin } // Shutdown safely shuts down any clients, databases, etc. held by the Authority. func (a *Authority) Shutdown() error { if err := a.keyManager.Close(); err != nil { log.Printf("error closing the key manager: %v", err) } return a.db.Shutdown() } // CloseForReload closes internal services, to allow a safe reload. func (a *Authority) CloseForReload() { if err := a.keyManager.Close(); err != nil { log.Printf("error closing the key manager: %v", err) } if client, ok := a.adminDB.(*linkedCaClient); ok { client.Stop() } } // IsRevoked returns whether or not a certificate has been // revoked before. func (a *Authority) IsRevoked(sn string) (bool, error) { // Check the passive revocation table. if lca, ok := a.adminDB.(interface { IsRevoked(string) (bool, error) }); ok { return lca.IsRevoked(sn) } return a.db.IsRevoked(sn) } // requiresDecrypter returns whether the Authority // requires a KMS that provides a crypto.Decrypter // Currently this is only required when SCEP is // enabled. func (a *Authority) requiresDecrypter() bool { return a.requiresSCEPService() } // requiresSCEPService iterates over the configured provisioners // and determines if one of them is a SCEP provisioner. func (a *Authority) requiresSCEPService() bool { for _, p := range a.config.AuthorityConfig.Provisioners { if p.GetType() == provisioner.TypeSCEP { return true } } return false } // GetSCEPService returns the configured SCEP Service // TODO: this function is intended to exist temporarily // in order to make SCEP work more easily. It can be // made more correct by using the right interfaces/abstractions // after it works as expected. func (a *Authority) GetSCEPService() *scep.Service { return a.scepService }