# Selfhosted-Apps-Docker

###### guide by example

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![logo](https://i.imgur.com/u5LH0jI.png)

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* [caddy_v2](caddy_v2/) - reverse proxy
* [bitwarden_rs](bitwarden_rs/) - password manager
* [bookstack](bookstack/) - notes and documentation
* [borg_backup](borg_backup/) - backup utility
* [ddclient](ddclient/) - automatic DNS update
* [dnsmasq](dnsmasq/) - DNS and DHCP server
* [homer](homer/) - homepage
* [nextcloud](nextcloud/) - file share & sync
* [portainer](portainer/) - docker management
* [prometheus_grafana](prometheus_grafana/) - monitoring
* [watchtower](watchtower/) - automatic docker images update
* [arch_linux_host_install](arch_linux_host_install)

The core of the setup is Caddy reverse proxy.</br>
It's described in most details.

# Some docker basics and some info

### Compose and environment variables

You **do not** need to fuck with `docker-compose.yml` to get something up,
simple copy paste should suffice.

You **do** need to fuck with `.env` file, that's where all the variables are.
  
Sometimes the `.env` file is used as `env_file`

* `.env` - actual name of a file, used only by compose.</br>
  It is used automatically just by being in the directory
  with the `docker-compose.yml`</br>
  Variables set there are available during the building of the container,
  but unless named in the `Enviroment:` option they are not available
  in the running containers.
* `env_file` - an option in compose that defines existing external file.</br>
  Variables set in this file will be available in the running container,
  but not in compose.

So to not have polluted huge ass compose file, or to not have multiple places
where changes need to be made when adding a variable...  `env_file: .env` BAM.

Only issue is that all variables from `.env` are available in
containers that use this.</br>
That can lead to potential conflicts and clashes, looking at you nextcloud.

In those cases variables names are declared per container.

But `env_file: .env` is just easier, prettier... and mostly painless.

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### Images latest tag

All images are without any tag, which defaults to `latest` tag being used.

This is [frowned upon](https://vsupalov.com/docker-latest-tag/),
but feel free to choose a version and sticking with it once it goes to real use.

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### Bind mount

No docker volumes are used. Directories and files from host
are bind mounted in to containers.</br>
Don't feel like I know all of the aspects of this,
but I know its easier to edit a random file on a host,
or backup a directory when its just there, sitting on the host.

### SendGrid

For sending emails free sendgrid account is used, which provides 100 free emails
a day.

The configuration in `.env` files is almost universal, `apikey` is really username.
Only the password changes as it is one of yours accounts apikey value.

### Cloudflare

For managing DNS records. The free tier provides lot of managment options and 
benefits. Like proxy between your domain/subdomain and your server, so no one
can get your public IP just from your domain name. Or 5 firewall rules that allow
you to geoblock whole world except your country.

[How to move to cloudflare.](https://support.cloudflare.com/hc/en-us/articles/205195708-Changing-your-domain-nameservers-to-Cloudflare)