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==================================
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Virtual & Cloud based Installation
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==================================
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------------
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Local/Server
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------------
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Installing OPNsense on a virtual machine can be done by using the DVD ISO image.
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Full instructions are available in chapter :doc:`install` .
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General tips
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------------
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For optimum performance and compatibility, these guides are given:
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* Minimum required RAM is 1 GB
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* Minimum recommended virtual disk size of 8 GB
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* Disable all off-loading settings in **Interfaces->Settings**
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.. image:: images/disableoffloading.png
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------------------
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VMware ESXi
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-----------
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VMware offers full instructions for installing FreeBSD, these can be found
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`here <http://partnerweb.vmware.com/GOSIG/FreeBSD_11x.html>`__.
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To install the VMware tools just goto **System->Firmware->Plugins** and install
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**os-vmware** by clicking on the **+** sign next to it.
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.. image:: images/os-vmware.png
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.. Note::
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While other network setups may work fine, the e1000 driver seems to work
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best, certainly when utilizing the traffic shaper.
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------------------
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Xen
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---
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To install the Xen tools just goto **System->Firmware->Plugins** and install
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**os-xen** by clicking on the **+** sign next to it.
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.. image:: images/os-xen.png
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------------------
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HyperV
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------
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HyperV Generation 1 and 2 are supported out of the box, no additional drivers
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or tools are needed.
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Others
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------
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OPNsense can be installed on all virtual machines that support FreeBSD (such as
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KVM, Bhyve, VirtualBox).
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------------------
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------
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Hosted
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------
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For hosted installations where you can't install using the DVD ISO an alternative
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approach is available in the form of **opnsense-bootstrap**.
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opnsense-bootstrap
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------------------
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opnsense-bootstrap(8) is a tool that can completely reinstall a running system
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in place for a thorough factory reset or to restore consistency of all the OPNsense
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files. It can also wipe the configuration directory, but won't do that by default.
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It will automatically pick up the latest available version and build a chain of
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trust by using current package fingerprints -> CA root certificates -> HTTPS -> OPNsense
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package fingerprints.
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What it will also do is turn a supported stock FreeBSD release into an OPNsense
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installation, given that UFS was used to install the root file system.
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opnsense bootstrap is available for our
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`github source repository <https://github.com/opnsense/update/tree/master/bootstrap>`__
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------------------
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--------------------
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Amazon AWS EC2 Cloud
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--------------------
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.. image:: how-tos/images/amazon-web-services.png
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:width: 100%
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Installing OPNsense into the Amazon cloud can be a dounting task as no console is
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offered. As part of Deciso's support packages (see `OPNsense commercial Support
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<https://opnsense.org/support-overview/commercial-support/>`__), deciso offer free
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access to its OPNsense Amazon Machine Image (AMI).
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See also our how-to for :doc:`how-tos/installaws`.
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-------------
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Common Issues
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-------------
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Some common issues have been reported for different virtual environments.
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You can find known solutions to these problems below.
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If you problem is not listed always try the General tips as mentioned in the
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article first.
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------------------
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File copy failed during installation
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------------------------------------
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This issue is most likely caused by low memory setting. Make sure your virtual
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OPNsense installation has a minimum of 1 GB of RAM.
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------------------
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Disk Errors on VMware
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-----------------------
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This issue can be caused by a defective drive. Changing drive mode to IDE has
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been reported to help for certain ESXi versions.
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------------------
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Installation failure on KVM
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---------------------------
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If you are using virtio for the root disk then try switching to sata mode.
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------------------
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NAT issues on XenServer
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-----------------------
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This issue has been reported to be solved by disabling cheksum offloading on both
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OPNsense domU and Vifs.
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------------------
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Traffic Shaper does not work on VMware
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--------------------------------------
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If you are using vmxnet3 drivers try to switch to E1000.
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