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131 lines
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131 lines
6.6 KiB
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==================================================
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Prioritize Applications (Weighted) using Queues
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==================================================
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By utilizing queues we can influence the bandwidth within a pipe and give certain
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applications more bandwidth than others based on a weighted algorithm.
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The idea is simple:
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Let presume we have a pipe of 10 Mbps and 2 applications for instance smtp (email)
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and http(s). The http(s) traffic will get a weight of 1 and the smtp traffic a
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weight of 9, then when all capacity of our pipe is in use the email traffic will
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get 9x more bandwidth than our http(s) traffic, resulting in 1 Mbps for http(s)
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and 9 Mbps for smtp.
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For our example we only look at download traffic, but the exact same can be done
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for the upload traffic.
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+----------------+--------+-------------------+
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| Application | Weight | Minimum Bandwidth |
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+================+========+===================+
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| SMTP (port 25) | 9 | 9 Mbps |
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+----------------+--------+-------------------+
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| HTTP (80) | | |
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+----------------+ 1 | 1 Mbps |
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| HTTPS (443) | | |
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+----------------+--------+-------------------+
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To start go to :menuselection:`Firewall --> Traffic Shaper --> Settings`.
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Step 1 - Create Download Pipe
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------------------------------
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On the **Pipes** tab click the **+** button in the lower right corner.
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An empty **Edit Pipe** screen will popup.
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Create Pipe For Download (10 Mbps)
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====================== ================= ===============================================
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**enabled** Checked *Check to enable the pipe*
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**bandwidth** 10 *Numeric value of the desired bandwidth*
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**bandwidth Metric** Mbit/s *Metric to use with the numeric value*
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**mask** (empty) *Leave empty*
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**description** PipeDown-10Mbps *Free field, enter something descriptive*
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====================== ================= ===============================================
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Step 2 - Create Queues
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----------------------
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On the **Queues** tab click the **+** button in the lower right corner.
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An empty **Edit queue** screen will popup.
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Create Queue for SMTP
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====================== ================== ================================================
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**enabled** Checked *Check to enable the pipe*
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**pipe** PipeDown-10Mbps *Select our Pipe*
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**weight** 9 *Weight to use with the numeric value*
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**mask** (empty) *Leave empty*
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**description** Queue-SMTP *Free field, enter something descriptive*
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====================== ================== ================================================
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Create Queue for HTTP
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====================== ================== ================================================
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**enabled** Checked *Check to enable the pipe*
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**pipe** PipeDown-10Mbps *Select our Pipe*
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**weight** 1 *Weight to use with the numeric value*
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**mask** (empty) *Leave empty*
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**description** Queue-HTTP *Free field, enter something descriptive*
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====================== ================== ================================================
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Step 3 - Create Rules
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----------------------
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On the **Rules** tab click the **+** button in the lower right corner.
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An empty **Edit rule** screen will popup.
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Create a rule for smtp download traffic (email)
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====================== =================== =====================================================
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**sequence** 11 *Auto generated number, overwrite only when needed*
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**interface** WAN *Select the interface connected to the internet*
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**proto** ip *Select the protocol, IP in our example*
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**source** any *The source address, leave on any*
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**src-port** smtp *The source port to shape, smtp or 25*
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**destination** any *The destination IP to shape, leave on any*
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**dst-port** any *The destination port to shape, leave on any*
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**target** Queue-SMTP *Select the SMTP queue*
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**description** ShapeSMTPDownload *Enter a descriptive name*
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====================== =================== =====================================================
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Create a rule for HTTP download traffic
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====================== =================== =====================================================
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**sequence** 21 *Auto generated number, overwrite only when needed*
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**interface** WAN *Select the interface connected to the internet*
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**proto** ip *Select the protocol, IP in our example*
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**source** any *The source address, leave on any*
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**src-port** http *The source port to shape, http or 80*
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**destination** any *The destination IP to shape, leave on any*
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**dst-port** any *The destination port to shape, leave on any*
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**target** Queue-HTTP *Select the HTTP queue*
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**description** ShapeHTTPDownload *Enter a descriptive name*
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====================== =================== =====================================================
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Adding an extra rule for HTTPS traffic is simple as we can use the same HTTP queue if we like:
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====================== ==================== =====================================================
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**sequence** 31 *Auto generated number, overwrite only when needed*
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**interface** WAN *Select the interface connected to the internet*
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**proto** ip *Select the protocol, IP in our example*
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**source** any *The source address, leave on any*
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**src-port** https *The source port to shape, https or 443*
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**destination** any *The destination IP to shape, leave on any*
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**dst-port** any *The destination port to shape, leave on any*
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**target** Queue-HTTP *Select the HTTP queue*
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**description** ShapeHTTPSDownload *Enter a descriptive name*
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====================== ==================== =====================================================
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This way HTTP and HTTPS traffic will be treated the same (total max of 1 Mbps).
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Now press |apply| to activate the traffic shaping rules.
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*Screenshot Rules*
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.. image:: images/shaping_rules_s4.png
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:width: 100%
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