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https://github.com/opnsense/docs
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43 lines
2.2 KiB
ReStructuredText
43 lines
2.2 KiB
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====
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DHCP
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====
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DHCP is used to automatically provide clients with an IP address (instead of clients having to set one themselves).
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DHCP is available for both IPv4 and IPv6 clients, referred to as DHCPv4 and DHCPv6, respectively.
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-----------------
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Settings overview
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-----------------
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DHCPv4 settings can be found at **Services -> DHCPv4**. DHCPv6 settings can be found at **Services -> DHCPv6**.
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The DHCPv4 submenu further consists of:
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* An entry per interface of general settings, like a toggle to enable/disable DHCPv4 for this interface, DHCP range, DNS servers…
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* **Relay**: DHCP requests can be "forwarded" to another server. This is called relaying.
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* **Leases**: Shows all IP addresses that are handed out to clients (can be filtered to only show active and static leases).
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* **Log File**: Shows the log file of the DHCPv4 server.
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The DHCPv6 submenu further consists of:
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* **Relay**: DHCP requests can be "forwarded" to another server. This is called relaying.
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* **Leases**: Shows all IP addresses that are handed out to clients (can be filtered to only show active and static leases).
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------------
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Using DHCPv4
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------------
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A typical DHCPv4 usage scenario is using it on your LAN with an IP range of 192.168.1.x, where x can be a number from 1
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through 254. This means a subnet mask of 255.255.255.0. The range can also be written as 192.168.1.0/24. (The “1” in
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the third group can also be another number, and there are also other ranges available for private use. These are
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described in `RFC 1918 <https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc1918#section-3>`_.)
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The LAN IP of the OPNsense device that serves DHCP to the LAN should fall in the same DHCP IP range. Typically, it gets
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the address ending in .1 (so 192.168.1.1) in this example.
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To set the LAN IP, go to **Interfaces -> [LAN]**, set “IPv4 Configuration Type” to “Static”, and under
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“Static IPv4 configuration”, set “IPv4 address” to ``192.168.1.1`` and the subnet dropdown to “24”. Then click Save.
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To set the DHCP settings, go to **Services -> DHCPv4 -> [LAN]**. Under “Gateway”, put ``192.168.1.1``. Under range,
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put ``192.168.1.100`` as the start address and ``192.168.1.200`` as the end address. Then click Save. After saving,
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click the “Apply Settings” button.
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