% notcurses_cell(3) % nick black % v1.7.2 # NAME notcurses_cell - operations on notcurses cells # SYNOPSIS **#include ** ```c // See DESCRIPTION below for information on EGC encoding typedef struct cell { uint32_t gcluster; // 4B → 4B uint8_t gcluster_backstop; // 1B → 5B (8 bits of zero) uint8_t reserved; // 1B → 6B (8 reserved bits, ought be zero) uint16_t stylemask; // 2B → 8B (16 bits of NCSTYLE_* attributes) uint64_t channels; } cell; #define CELL_TRIVIAL_INITIALIZER \ { .gcluster = '\0', .stylemask = 0, .channels = 0, } #define CELL_SIMPLE_INITIALIZER(c) \ { .gcluster = (c), .stylemask = 0, .channels = 0, } #define CELL_INITIALIZER(c, s, chan) \ { .gcluster = (c), .stylemask = (s), .channels = (chan), } #define CELL_WIDEASIAN_MASK 0x8000000080000000ull #define CELL_BGDEFAULT_MASK 0x0000000040000000ull #define CELL_FGDEFAULT_MASK (CELL_BGDEFAULT_MASK << 32u) #define CELL_BG_RGB_MASK 0x0000000000ffffffull #define CELL_FG_RGB_MASK (CELL_BG_MASK << 32u) #define CELL_BG_PALETTE 0x0000000008000000ull #define CELL_FG_PALETTE (CELL_BG_PALETTE << 32u) #define CHANNEL_ALPHA_MASK 0x30000000ull #define CELL_ALPHA_HIGHCONTRAST 0x30000000ull #define CELL_ALPHA_TRANSPARENT 0x20000000ull #define CELL_ALPHA_BLEND 0x10000000ull #define CELL_ALPHA_OPAQUE 0x00000000ull ``` **void cell_init(cell* c);** **int cell_load(struct ncplane* n, cell* c, const char* gcluster);** **int cell_prime(struct ncplane* n, cell* c, const char* gcluster, uint32_t stylemask, uint64_t channels);** **int cell_duplicate(struct ncplane* n, cell* targ, const cell* c);** **void cell_release(struct ncplane* n, cell* c);** **void cell_styles_set(cell* c, unsigned stylebits);** **unsigned cell_styles(const cell* c);** **void cell_styles_on(cell* c, unsigned stylebits);** **void cell_styles_off(cell* c, unsigned stylebits);** **void cell_set_fg_default(cell* c);** **void cell_set_bg_default(cell* c);** **int cell_set_fg_alpha(cell* c, unsigned alpha);** **int cell_set_bg_alpha(cell* c, unsigned alpha);** **bool cell_double_wide_p(const cell* c);** **const char* cell_extended_gcluster(const struct ncplane* n, const cell* c);** **char* cell_strdup(const struct ncplane* n, const cell* c);** **int cell_load_simple(struct ncplane* n, cell* c, char ch);** **char* cell_extract(const struct ncplane* n, const cell* c, uint16_t* stylemask, uint64_t* channels);** **uint32_t cell_bchannel(const cell* cl);** **uint32_t cell_fchannel(const cell* cl);** **uint64_t cell_set_bchannel(cell* cl, uint32_t channel);** **uint64_t cell_set_fchannel(cell* cl, uint32_t channel);** **uint32_t cell_fg_rgb(const cell* cl);** **uint32_t cell_bg_rgb(const cell* cl);** **unsigned cell_fg_alpha(const cell* cl);** **unsigned cell_bg_alpha(const cell* cl);** **unsigned cell_fg_rgb8(const cell* cl, unsigned* r, unsigned* g, unsigned* b);** **unsigned cell_bg_rgb8(const cell* cl, unsigned* r, unsigned* g, unsigned* b);** **int cell_set_fg_rgb8(cell* cl, int r, int g, int b);** **int cell_set_bg_rgb8(cell* cl, int r, int g, int b);** **void cell_set_fg_rgb_clipped(cell* cl, int r, int g, int b);** **void cell_set_bg_rgb_clipped(cell* cl, int r, int g, int b);** **int cell_set_fg_rgb(cell* c, uint32_t channel);** **int cell_set_bg_rgb(cell* c, uint32_t channel);** **bool cell_fg_default_p(const cell* cl);** **bool cell_bg_default_p(const cell* cl);** **int ncstrwidth(const char* text)**; # DESCRIPTION Cells make up the framebuffer associated with each plane, with one cell per addressable coordinate. You should not usually need to interact directly with cells. Each **cell** contains exactly one extended grapheme cluster. If the EGC is encoded in UTF-8 with four or fewer bytes (all Unicode codepoints as of Unicode 13 can be encoded in no more than four UTF-8 bytes), it is encoded directly into the **cell**'s **gcluster** field, and no additional storage is necessary. Otherwise, the EGC is stored as a nul-terminated UTF-8 string in some backing egcpool. Egcpools are associated with **ncplane**s, so **cell**s must be considered associated with **ncplane**s. Indeed, **ncplane_erase()** destroys the backing storage for all a plane's cells, invalidating them. This association is formed at the time of **cell_load()**, **cell_prime()**, or **cell_duplicate()**. All of these functions first call **cell_release()**, as does **cell_load_simple()**. When done using a **cell** entirely, call **cell_release()**. **ncplane_destroy()** will free up the memory used by the **cell**, but the backing egcpool has a maximum size of 16MiB, and failure to release **cell**s can eventually block new output. **cell_extended_gcluster** provides a nul-terminated handle to the EGC. This ought be considered invalidated by changes to the **cell** or **egcpool**. The handle is **not** heap-allocated; do **not** attempt to **free(3)** it. A heap-allocated copy can be acquired with **cell_strdup**. # RETURN VALUES **cell_load()** and similar functions return the number of bytes loaded from the EGC, or -1 on failure. They can fail due to either an invalid UTF-8 input, or the backing egcpool reaching its maximum size. **cell_set_fg_rgb8()** and similar functions will return -1 if provided invalid inputs, and 0 otherwise. # SEE ALSO **notcurses(3)**, **notcurses_channels(3)**, **notcurses_plane(3)**, **notcurses_output(3)**