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290 lines
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290 lines
13 KiB
Plaintext
:experimental:
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ifdef::env-github[]
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:icons:
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:tip-caption: :bulb:
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:note-caption: :information_source:
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:important-caption: :heavy_exclamation_mark:
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:caution-caption: :fire:
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:warning-caption: :warning:
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endif::[]
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== About
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[.lead]
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This method compared to PDANet, FoxFi, NetShare, EasyTether, Wi-Fi Tether Router, and sshuttle tunneling:
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. Reliable with little to no speed reduction.
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. Plug and play, works with other devices without installing apps.
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. Safe from your telecom, but make sure to lie well if questioned for excessive data usage.
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. Bypasses throttling such as limited video quality on YouTube, and censorship.
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This guide is tested from an unlocked US https://swappa.com/listings/google-pixel-4a-5g/unlocked[Pixel 4a 5G], it can be had for $100.
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== Preparation
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. https://topjohnwu.github.io/Magisk/[Install Magisk]; read "Getting Started", then "Patching Images".
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. Install the following apps:
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* The https://f-droid.org/en/packages/com.termux/[Termux] terminal emulator from F-Droid only (https://wiki.termux.com/wiki/Termux_Google_Play[why?]).
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* https://apkpure.com/network-signal-guru/com.qtrun.QuickTest[Network Signal Guru] for its radio band locking to maintain and increase network speeds.
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** Tinkering is required to find your current location's best radio bands.
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* https://github.com/AdAway/AdAway/releases[AdAway] to block Network Signal Guru's advertising.
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** AdAway requires you to enable "Systemless Hosts" in Magisk's settings.
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=== Testing mangling support
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. Open Termux.
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. `$ su`
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. `# iptables -t mangle -A POSTROUTING -o null -j TTL --ttl-inc 1; ip6tables -t mangle -A POSTROUTING -o null -j HL --hl-inc 1`
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** No output = good, skip ahead to "1. Blocking Android snitching..."
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=== Downloading a suitable custom kernel
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NOTE: The listed kernels include the BBR or BBRv2 TCP congestion control algorithm to https://web.archive.org/web/20220313173158/http://web.archive.org/screenshot/https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1I1NcVVbuC7aq4nGalYxMNz9pgS9OLKcFHssIBlj9xXI[help maintain speeds over bad network conditions].
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|===
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| 1. momojuro's https://forum.xda-developers.com/search/member?user_id=5670369&content=thread[fsociety tribute]; recommended for the Pixel 4A (5G) and Pixel 5.
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| 2. Freak07's https://forum.xda-developers.com/search/member?user_id=3428502&content=thread[Kirisakura]; recommended for the Pixel 6.
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| 3. kdrag0n's https://forum.xda-developers.com/search/member?user_id=7291478&content=thread[Proton].
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|===
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TIP: Not for your device? +
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Use these search terms on the https://forum.xda-developers.com/search/[XDA Forums] to find other kernels with "xt_HL.ko" support: +
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`TTL spoofing`, `TTL target`, `IPtables TTL`, `TTL/HL target`, `TTL module`.
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=== Installing a custom kernel
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. Install https://github.com/SmartPack/BusyBox-Installer/releases[BusyBox Installer], then open it.
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. Install https://github.com/libxzr/HorizonKernelFlasher/releases[Horizon Kernel Flasher], open it, then point it to the ZIP containing the custom kernel.
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== 1. Blocking Android snitching, and spoofing TTL & HL
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. Download our https://github.com/felikcat/unlimited-hotspot/releases/download/v3/unlimited-hotspot-v3.zip[Unlimited Hotspot] Magisk module.
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. Open Magisk -> Modules -> Install from storage -> Select the "unlimited-hotspot-v3.zip" that was downloaded.
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. Reboot.
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[.lead]
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For routers to also be plug and play, additional steps are required:
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.Asuswrt-Merlin
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[%collapsible]
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====
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. `Advanced Settings - WAN` -> disable `Extend the TTL value` and `Spoof LAN TTL value`.
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. `Advanced Settings - Administration`
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** `Enable JFFS custom scripts and configs` -> "Yes"
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** `Enable SSH` -> "LAN only"
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. Replace the LAN IP and login name if needed: `$ ssh 192.168.50.1 -l asus`
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** Use other SSH clients if preferred, such as MobaXterm or Termius.
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. `# nano /jffs/scripts/wan-event`
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[source, shell]
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----
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#!/bin/sh
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# shellcheck disable=SC2068
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Say() {
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printf '%s%s' "$$" "$@" | logger -st "($(basename "$0"))"
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}
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#========================================================================================================================================
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WAN_IF=$1
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WAN_STATE=$2
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# Call appropriate script based on script_type
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SERVICE_SCRIPT_NAME="wan${WAN_IF}-${WAN_STATE}"
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SERVICE_SCRIPT_LOG="/tmp/WAN${WAN_IF}_state"
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# Execute and log script state
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if [ -f "/jffs/scripts/${SERVICE_SCRIPT_NAME}" ]; then
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Say " Script executing.. for wan-event: $SERVICE_SCRIPT_NAME"
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echo "$SERVICE_SCRIPT_NAME" >"$SERVICE_SCRIPT_LOG"
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sh /jffs/scripts/"${SERVICE_SCRIPT_NAME}" "$@"
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else
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Say " Script not defined for wan-event: $SERVICE_SCRIPT_NAME"
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fi
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##@Insert##
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----
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`# nano /jffs/scripts/wan0-connected`
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[source, shell]
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----
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#!/bin/sh
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# HACK: Not sure what to check for exactly; do it too early and the TTL & HL won't get set.
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sleep 5s
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modprobe xt_HL; wait
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# Removes these iptables entries if present; only removes once, so if the same entry is present twice (script assumes this never happens), it would need to be removed twice.
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iptables -t mangle -D PREROUTING -i usb+ -j TTL --ttl-inc 2
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iptables -t mangle -D POSTROUTING -o usb+ -j TTL --ttl-inc 2
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ip6tables -t mangle -D PREROUTING ! -p icmpv6 -i usb+ -j HL --hl-inc 2
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ip6tables -t mangle -D POSTROUTING ! -p icmpv6 -o usb+ -j HL --hl-inc 2
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# TTL & HL hotspot detection bypass.
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## Increments the TTL & HL by 2 (1 for the router, 1 for the devices connected to the router).
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iptables -t mangle -I PREROUTING -i usb+ -j TTL --ttl-inc 2
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iptables -t mangle -I POSTROUTING -o usb+ -j TTL --ttl-inc 2
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ip6tables -t mangle -I PREROUTING ! -p icmpv6 -i usb+ -j HL --hl-inc 2
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ip6tables -t mangle -I POSTROUTING ! -p icmpv6 -o usb+ -j HL --hl-inc 2
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----
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Have to set permissions correctly to avoid this: `custom_script: Found wan-event, but script is not set executable!` +
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`# chmod a+rx /jffs/scripts/*` +
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`# reboot`
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___
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====
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.GoldenOrb or OpenWrt via LuCI
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[%collapsible]
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====
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. GoldenOrb specific: `Network` -> `Firewall` -> `Custom TTL Settings`
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** Ensure its option is disabled.
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. `Network` -> `Firewall` -> `Custom Rules`
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[source, shell]
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----
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# Removes these iptables entries if present; only removes once, so if the same entry is present twice (script assumes this never happens), it would need to be removed twice.
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iptables -t mangle -D PREROUTING -i usb+ -j TTL --ttl-inc 2
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iptables -t mangle -D POSTROUTING -o usb+ -j TTL --ttl-inc 2
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ip6tables -t mangle -D PREROUTING ! -p icmpv6 -i usb+ -j HL --hl-inc 2
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ip6tables -t mangle -D POSTROUTING ! -p icmpv6 -o usb+ -j HL --hl-inc 2
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# TTL & HL hotspot detection bypass.
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## Increments the TTL & HL by 2 (1 for the router, 1 for the devices connected to the router).
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iptables -t mangle -I PREROUTING -i usb+ -j TTL --ttl-inc 2
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iptables -t mangle -I POSTROUTING -o usb+ -j TTL --ttl-inc 2
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ip6tables -t mangle -I PREROUTING ! -p icmpv6 -i usb+ -j HL --hl-inc 2
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ip6tables -t mangle -I POSTROUTING ! -p icmpv6 -o usb+ -j HL --hl-inc 2
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----
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___
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====
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== 2. Using a VPN to bypass DPI-based throttling and censorship
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.Least shady free VPNs; not recommended.
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[%collapsible]
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====
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* Ordered from best to worst:
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. https://cloudflarewarp.com/[Cloudflare WARP] (never torrent on this). +
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You can get the https://github.com/TheCaduceus/WARP-UNLIMITED-ADVANCED[paid WARP+ for free].
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. https://cryptostorm.is/cryptofree[Cryptofree]
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** Using their free WireGuard server is recommended.
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. https://protonvpn.com/free-vpn/[ProtonVPN Free]
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====
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.Open-source VPN protocol comparison; what is suitable for your situation.
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[%collapsible]
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====
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* *WireGuard*: fastest on reliable internet; easily blockable by DPI firewalls.
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* *IKEv2/IPSec*: sometimes faster than WireGuard on unreliable internet. Depending on the VPN provider, IKEv2 can either be resistant to DPI firewalls (hide.me's implementation), or not at all.
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* *SoftEther*: bypasses most DPI firewalls with good speeds in general, but is more complicated to set up for non-Windows OSes.
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* *OpenVPN3*: resistant to DPI firewalls if tls-crypt is used alongside port 443; China, Iran, and Egypt require OpenVPN over SSL which further reduce speeds. This protocol isn't efficient and has latency issues.
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====
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.Requirements for a good paid VPN provider.
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[%collapsible]
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====
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NOTE: TorGuard is the recommendation if streaming (Netflix, Hulu, Amazon Prime, etc.) is necessary. Otherwise, try TorGuard -> hide.me -> Mullvad.
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. Network locking in their VPN software is reliable; very important to stay under the telecom's radar regarding "OS fingerprinting".
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. Show which servers are geolocated/virtual (fake location) servers, or have none.
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. Addon available (or included) for a dedicated/static/streaming IP, to get around streaming service blocks, and other websites using anti-VPN services such as https://blocked.com.
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. P2P/http://www.bittorrent.org/introduction.html[BitTorrent protocol] isn't blocked on all servers.
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** If all servers have this protocol unblocked, it will narrow down the amount of hosting services that VPN provider can use. +
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This means higher ping/latency for some ISPs/telecoms; low latency is important for online gaming and video conferencing, among others.
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. SOCKS5 and HTTPS/SSL proxies provided.
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** Some VPNs such as TorGuard use this to allow BitTorrent in countries where it's forbidden; a SOCKS5 proxy can allow BitTorrent by being located in Canada while you're connected to no VPN server, or a VPN server located in the United States.
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. Ability to port forward at least 5 ports while supporting IPv6; this gauges a VPN provider's attention to detail, even if you never need port forwarding.
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** https://web.archive.org/web/20220731172057/https://teddit.net/r/VPNTorrents/comments/s9f36q/list_of_vpns_that_allow_portforwarding_2022/[List of VPNs that support Port Forwarding].
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. If the OpenVPN protocol is supported, its tls-crypt must be supported and for the VPN provider to allow establishing connection to their servers via port 443.
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** OpenVPN over SSL or SSH is mandatory for China, Iran, and Egypt.
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. Full IPv4 and IPv6 support across all servers.
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** On some telecoms, connecting to a VPN server through IPv6 is required.
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. Reliable software across multiple operating systems.
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** The most problematic: Android TV, iOS/iPadOS, and Linux (especially distros not based on Ubuntu or Fedora).
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*** Linux support for most VPNs lack a graphical interface, and lack features included in their Windows and/or macOS VPN software.
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====
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.Honest VPN reviews or information.
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[%collapsible]
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====
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. https://youtube.com/channel/UCXJWKuGh0qedrYviGEJmlWw[Tom Spark's Reviews] on YouTube, or directly at his https://www.vpntierlist.com/[VPN Tier List] website.
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. https://restoreprivacy.com/vpn/best/[RestorePrivacy].
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. https://web.archive.org/web/20220929090559/https://thatoneprivacysite.xyz/choosing-the-best-vpn-for-you/[An archive of "That One Privacy Site"], dated 19th December 2019. +
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Use it as a second opinion on what justifies a good paid VPN provider.
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TIP: Kape Technologies owns many popular VPN review websites to unfairly promote their products as the "best": +
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https://restoreprivacy.com/kape-technologies-owns-expressvpn-cyberghost-pia-zenmate-vpn-review-sites/
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====
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== 3. Confirm the tethering is un-throttled
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TIP: After enabling USB tethering, enable "Data Saver". This tells Android to restrict data to USB tethering and what app is at the forefront only.
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. Disconnect from the VPN.
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. Use https://fast.com[Netflix's Speedtest], then after that's complete use https://www.waveform.com/tools/bufferbloat[Waveform's Bufferbloat Test]. +
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This will test for throttling of streaming servers (Netflix), various forms of data fingerprinting, and tethering/hotspot detections.
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. Connect to a VPN on the tethered-to (client) device, then repeat the above step.
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. Optionally, speedtest again after installing https://github.com/tytydraco/KTweak-Android-App/releases[KTweak] and applying its "throughput" profile.
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=== If the VPN can't connect:
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. Check if IPv4 or IPv6 is being used to reach the VPN server.
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** For T-Mobile, connecting through IPv6 may be required.
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. If the VPN still can't connect, try each supported protocol in this order:
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** WireGuard -> IKEv2/IPSec -> SoftEther -> AnyConnect [TorGuard only] -> OpenVPN (UDP, port 443) -> OpenVPN (TCP, port 443) -> OpenVPN over SSL (TCP, port 443)
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== Appendices
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.Resources used
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[%collapsible]
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====
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[.lead]
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Learning
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. https://archive.org/download/p173_20220313/p173.pdf
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. https://archive.org/download/technology-showcase-policy-control-for-connected-and-tethered-devices/technology-showcase-policy-control-for-connected-and-tethered-devices.pdf
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. https://archive.org/download/geneva_ccs19/geneva_ccs19.pdf
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. Random XDA forums posts and threads to accumulate personal experiences with hotspot/tethering bypass attempts.
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[.lead]
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Third-party scripts
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. `/jffs/scripts/wan-event` used for Asuswrt-Merlin is a refined version of https://www.snbforums.com/threads/wan-start-script-also-run-on-wan-stop.61295/#post-542636[this script].
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====
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*You've reached the end of this guide.* Star it if you liked it.
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