lokinet/llarp/util/thread/queue_manager.cpp
2019-09-03 20:52:28 +01:00

570 lines
16 KiB
C++

#include <util/thread/queue_manager.hpp>
#include <util/thread/threading.hpp>
#include <thread>
namespace llarp
{
namespace thread
{
#if __cplusplus >= 201703L
// Turn an enum into its underlying value.
template < typename E >
constexpr auto
to_underlying(E e) noexcept
{
return static_cast< std::underlying_type_t< E > >(e);
}
#else
template < typename E >
constexpr uint32_t
to_underlying(E e) noexcept
{
return static_cast< uint32_t >(e);
}
#endif
static constexpr uint32_t GENERATION_COUNT_SHIFT = 0x2;
// Max number of generations which can be held in an uint32_t.
static constexpr size_t NUM_ELEMENT_GENERATIONS = 1
<< ((sizeof(uint32_t) * 8) - 2);
// mask for holding the element state from an element
static constexpr uint32_t ELEMENT_STATE_MASK = 0x3;
// mask for holding the disabled bit in the index.
static constexpr uint32_t DISABLED_STATE_MASK = 1
<< ((sizeof(uint32_t) * 8) - 1);
// Max number of combinations of index and generations.
static constexpr uint32_t NUM_COMBINED_INDEXES = DISABLED_STATE_MASK;
bool
isDisabledFlagSet(uint32_t encodedIndex)
{
return (encodedIndex & DISABLED_STATE_MASK);
}
uint32_t
discardDisabledFlag(uint32_t encodedIndex)
{
return (encodedIndex & ~DISABLED_STATE_MASK);
}
uint32_t
encodeElement(uint32_t generation, ElementState state)
{
return (generation << GENERATION_COUNT_SHIFT) | to_underlying(state);
}
uint32_t
decodeGenerationFromElementState(uint32_t state)
{
return state >> GENERATION_COUNT_SHIFT;
}
ElementState
decodeStateFromElementState(uint32_t state)
{
return ElementState(state & ELEMENT_STATE_MASK);
}
QueueManager::AtomicIndex&
QueueManager::pushIndex()
{
return m_pushIndex;
}
QueueManager::AtomicIndex&
QueueManager::popIndex()
{
return m_popIndex;
}
const QueueManager::AtomicIndex&
QueueManager::pushIndex() const
{
return m_pushIndex;
}
const QueueManager::AtomicIndex&
QueueManager::popIndex() const
{
return m_popIndex;
}
uint32_t
QueueManager::nextCombinedIndex(uint32_t index) const
{
if(m_maxCombinedIndex == index)
{
return 0;
}
return index + 1;
}
uint32_t
QueueManager::nextGeneration(uint32_t generation) const
{
if(m_maxGeneration == generation)
{
return 0;
}
return generation + 1;
}
size_t
QueueManager::capacity() const
{
return m_capacity;
}
int32_t
QueueManager::circularDifference(uint32_t startingValue,
uint32_t subtractValue, uint32_t modulo)
{
assert(modulo
<= (static_cast< uint32_t >(std::numeric_limits< int32_t >::max())
+ 1));
assert(startingValue < modulo);
assert(subtractValue < modulo);
int32_t difference = startingValue - subtractValue;
if(difference > static_cast< int32_t >(modulo / 2))
{
return difference - modulo;
}
if(difference < -static_cast< int32_t >(modulo / 2))
{
return difference + modulo;
}
return difference;
}
uint32_t
QueueManager::numGenerations(size_t capacity)
{
assert(capacity != 0);
return static_cast< uint32_t >(
std::min(NUM_COMBINED_INDEXES / capacity, NUM_ELEMENT_GENERATIONS));
}
QueueManager::QueueManager(size_t capacity)
: m_pushIndex(0)
, m_popIndex(0)
, m_capacity(capacity)
, m_maxGeneration(numGenerations(capacity) - 1)
, m_maxCombinedIndex(
numGenerations(capacity) * static_cast< uint32_t >(capacity) - 1)
{
assert(0 < capacity);
assert(capacity <= MAX_CAPACITY);
(void)m_pushPadding;
(void)m_popPadding;
m_states = new std::atomic< std::uint32_t >[capacity];
for(size_t i = 0; i < capacity; ++i)
{
m_states[i] = 0;
}
}
QueueManager::~QueueManager()
{
delete[] m_states;
}
QueueReturn
QueueManager::reservePushIndex(uint32_t& generation, uint32_t& index)
{
uint32_t loadedPushIndex = pushIndex().load(std::memory_order_relaxed);
uint32_t savedPushIndex = -1;
uint32_t combinedIndex = 0;
uint32_t currIdx = 0;
uint32_t currGen = 0;
// Use savedPushIndex to make us acquire an index at least twice before
// returning QueueFull.
// This prevents us from massive contention when we have a queue of size 1
for(;;)
{
if(isDisabledFlagSet(loadedPushIndex))
{
return QueueReturn::QueueDisabled;
}
combinedIndex = discardDisabledFlag(loadedPushIndex);
currGen = static_cast< uint32_t >(combinedIndex / m_capacity);
currIdx = static_cast< uint32_t >(combinedIndex % m_capacity);
uint32_t compare = encodeElement(currGen, ElementState::Empty);
const uint32_t swap = encodeElement(currGen, ElementState::Writing);
if(m_states[currIdx].compare_exchange_strong(compare, swap))
{
// We changed the state.
generation = currGen;
index = currIdx;
break;
}
// We failed to reserve the index. Use the result from cmp n swap to
// determine if the queue was full or not. Either:
// 1. The cell is from a previous generation (so the queue is full)
// 2. Another cell has reserved this cell for writing, but not commited
// yet
// 3. The push index has been changed between the load and the cmp.
uint32_t elemGen = decodeGenerationFromElementState(compare);
auto difference = static_cast< int32_t >(currGen - elemGen);
if(difference == 1
|| (difference == -static_cast< int32_t >(m_maxGeneration)))
{
// Queue is full.
assert(1
== circularDifference(currGen, elemGen, m_maxGeneration + 1));
ElementState state = decodeStateFromElementState(compare);
if(state == ElementState::Reading)
{
// Another thread is reading. Yield this thread
std::this_thread::yield();
loadedPushIndex = pushIndex().load(std::memory_order_relaxed);
continue;
}
assert(state != ElementState::Empty);
if(savedPushIndex != loadedPushIndex)
{
// Make another attempt to check the queue is full before failing
std::this_thread::yield();
savedPushIndex = loadedPushIndex;
loadedPushIndex = pushIndex().load(std::memory_order_relaxed);
continue;
}
return QueueReturn::QueueFull;
}
// Another thread has already acquired this cell, try to increment the
// push index and go again.
assert(0 >= circularDifference(currGen, elemGen, m_maxGeneration + 1));
const uint32_t next = nextCombinedIndex(combinedIndex);
pushIndex().compare_exchange_strong(combinedIndex, next);
loadedPushIndex = combinedIndex;
}
// We got the cell, increment the push index
const uint32_t next = nextCombinedIndex(combinedIndex);
pushIndex().compare_exchange_strong(combinedIndex, next);
return QueueReturn::Success;
}
void
QueueManager::commitPushIndex(uint32_t generation, uint32_t index)
{
assert(generation <= m_maxGeneration);
assert(index < m_capacity);
assert(ElementState::Writing
== decodeStateFromElementState(m_states[index]));
assert(generation == decodeGenerationFromElementState(m_states[index]));
m_states[index] = encodeElement(generation, ElementState::Full);
}
QueueReturn
QueueManager::reservePopIndex(uint32_t& generation, uint32_t& index)
{
uint32_t loadedPopIndex = popIndex().load();
uint32_t savedPopIndex = -1;
uint32_t currIdx = 0;
uint32_t currGen = 0;
for(;;)
{
currGen = static_cast< uint32_t >(loadedPopIndex / m_capacity);
currIdx = static_cast< uint32_t >(loadedPopIndex % m_capacity);
// Try to swap this state from full to reading.
uint32_t compare = encodeElement(currGen, ElementState::Full);
const uint32_t swap = encodeElement(currGen, ElementState::Reading);
if(m_states[currIdx].compare_exchange_strong(compare, swap))
{
generation = currGen;
index = currIdx;
break;
}
// We failed to reserve the index. Use the result from cmp n swap to
// determine if the queue was full or not. Either:
// 1. The cell is from a previous generation (so the queue is empty)
// 2. The cell is from the current generation and empty (so the queue is
// empty)
// 3. The queue is being written to
// 4. The pop index has been changed between the load and the cmp.
uint32_t elemGen = decodeGenerationFromElementState(compare);
ElementState state = decodeStateFromElementState(compare);
auto difference = static_cast< int32_t >(currGen - elemGen);
if(difference == 1
|| (difference == -static_cast< int32_t >(m_maxGeneration)))
{
// Queue is full.
assert(state == ElementState::Reading);
assert(
1 == (circularDifference(currGen, elemGen, m_maxGeneration + 1)));
return QueueReturn::QueueEmpty;
}
if(difference == 0 && state == ElementState::Empty)
{
// The cell is empty in the current generation, so the queue is empty
if(savedPopIndex != loadedPopIndex)
{
std::this_thread::yield();
savedPopIndex = loadedPopIndex;
loadedPopIndex = popIndex().load(std::memory_order_relaxed);
continue;
}
return QueueReturn::QueueEmpty;
}
if(difference != 0 || state == ElementState::Writing)
{
// The cell is currently being written to or the index is outdated)
// Yield and try again.
std::this_thread::yield();
loadedPopIndex = popIndex().load(std::memory_order_relaxed);
continue;
}
popIndex().compare_exchange_strong(loadedPopIndex,
nextCombinedIndex(loadedPopIndex));
}
popIndex().compare_exchange_strong(loadedPopIndex,
nextCombinedIndex(loadedPopIndex));
return QueueReturn::Success;
}
void
QueueManager::commitPopIndex(uint32_t generation, uint32_t index)
{
assert(generation <= m_maxGeneration);
assert(index < m_capacity);
assert(decodeStateFromElementState(m_states[index])
== ElementState::Reading);
assert(generation == decodeGenerationFromElementState(m_states[index]));
m_states[index] =
encodeElement(nextGeneration(generation), ElementState::Empty);
}
void
QueueManager::disable()
{
// Loop until we set the disabled bit
for(;;)
{
uint32_t index = pushIndex();
if(isDisabledFlagSet(index))
{
// Queue is already disabled(?!)
return;
}
if(pushIndex().compare_exchange_strong(index,
index | DISABLED_STATE_MASK))
{
// queue has been disabled
return;
}
}
}
void
QueueManager::enable()
{
for(;;)
{
uint32_t index = pushIndex();
if(!isDisabledFlagSet(index))
{
// queue is already enabled.
return;
}
if(pushIndex().compare_exchange_strong(index,
index & ~DISABLED_STATE_MASK))
{
// queue has been enabled
return;
}
}
}
bool
QueueManager::reservePopForClear(uint32_t& generation, uint32_t& index,
uint32_t endGeneration, uint32_t endIndex)
{
assert(endGeneration <= m_maxGeneration);
assert(endIndex < m_capacity);
uint32_t loadedCombinedIndex = popIndex().load(std::memory_order_relaxed);
for(;;)
{
uint32_t endCombinedIndex =
(endGeneration * static_cast< uint32_t >(m_capacity)) + endIndex;
if(circularDifference(endCombinedIndex, loadedCombinedIndex,
m_maxCombinedIndex + 1)
== 0)
{
return false;
}
assert(0 < circularDifference(endCombinedIndex, loadedCombinedIndex,
m_maxCombinedIndex + 1));
auto currIdx =
static_cast< uint32_t >(loadedCombinedIndex % m_capacity);
auto currGen =
static_cast< uint32_t >(loadedCombinedIndex / m_capacity);
// Try to swap this cell from Full to Reading.
// We only set this to Empty after trying to increment popIndex, so we
// don't race against another thread.
uint32_t compare = encodeElement(currGen, ElementState::Full);
const uint32_t swap = encodeElement(currGen, ElementState::Reading);
if(m_states[currIdx].compare_exchange_strong(compare, swap))
{
// We've dropped this index.
generation = currGen;
index = currIdx;
break;
}
ElementState state = decodeStateFromElementState(compare);
if(state == ElementState::Writing || state == ElementState::Full)
{
// Another thread is writing to this cell, or this thread has slept
// for too long.
std::this_thread::yield();
loadedCombinedIndex = popIndex().load(std::memory_order_relaxed);
continue;
}
const uint32_t next = nextCombinedIndex(loadedCombinedIndex);
popIndex().compare_exchange_strong(loadedCombinedIndex, next);
}
// Attempt to increment the index.
const uint32_t next = nextCombinedIndex(loadedCombinedIndex);
popIndex().compare_exchange_strong(loadedCombinedIndex, next);
return true;
}
void
QueueManager::abortPushIndexReservation(uint32_t generation, uint32_t index)
{
assert(generation <= m_maxGeneration);
assert(index < m_capacity);
assert(static_cast< uint32_t >((generation * m_capacity) + index)
== popIndex().load(std::memory_order_relaxed));
assert(decodeStateFromElementState(m_states[index])
== ElementState::Writing);
assert(generation == decodeGenerationFromElementState(m_states[index]));
uint32_t loadedPopIndex = popIndex().load(std::memory_order_relaxed);
assert(generation == loadedPopIndex / m_capacity);
assert(index == loadedPopIndex % m_capacity);
m_states[index] = encodeElement(generation, ElementState::Reading);
const uint32_t nextIndex = nextCombinedIndex(loadedPopIndex);
popIndex().compare_exchange_strong(loadedPopIndex, nextIndex);
m_states[index] =
encodeElement(nextGeneration(generation), ElementState::Empty);
}
size_t
QueueManager::size() const
{
// Note that we rely on these loads being sequentially consistent.
uint32_t combinedPushIndex = discardDisabledFlag(pushIndex());
uint32_t combinedPopIndex = popIndex();
int32_t difference = combinedPushIndex - combinedPopIndex;
if(difference >= 0)
{
if(difference > static_cast< int32_t >(m_capacity))
{
// We've raced between getting push and pop indexes, in this case, it
// means the queue is empty.
assert(0 > circularDifference(combinedPushIndex, combinedPopIndex,
m_maxCombinedIndex + 1));
return 0;
}
return static_cast< size_t >(difference);
}
if(difference < -static_cast< int32_t >(m_maxCombinedIndex / 2))
{
assert(0 < circularDifference(combinedPushIndex, combinedPopIndex,
m_maxCombinedIndex + 1));
difference += m_maxCombinedIndex + 1;
return std::min(static_cast< size_t >(difference), m_capacity);
}
return 0;
}
bool
QueueManager::enabled() const
{
return !isDisabledFlagSet(pushIndex().load());
}
} // namespace thread
} // namespace llarp