diff --git a/llarp/config/config.hpp b/llarp/config/config.hpp
index 887ff03b7..9d4072c7c 100644
--- a/llarp/config/config.hpp
+++ b/llarp/config/config.hpp
@@ -107,7 +107,7 @@ namespace llarp
     net::IPRangeMap<service::Address> m_ExitMap;
     net::IPRangeMap<std::string> m_LNSExitMap;
 
-    std::unordered_map<service::Address, service::AuthInfo, service::Address::Hash> m_ExitAuths;
+    std::unordered_map<service::Address, service::AuthInfo> m_ExitAuths;
     std::unordered_map<std::string, service::AuthInfo> m_LNSExitAuths;
 
     std::unordered_map<huint128_t, service::Address> m_mapAddrs;
@@ -115,7 +115,7 @@ namespace llarp
     service::AuthType m_AuthType = service::AuthType::eAuthTypeNone;
     std::optional<std::string> m_AuthUrl;
     std::optional<std::string> m_AuthMethod;
-    std::unordered_set<service::Address, service::Address::Hash> m_AuthWhitelist;
+    std::unordered_set<service::Address> m_AuthWhitelist;
 
     std::vector<llarp::dns::SRVData> m_SRVRecords;
 
diff --git a/llarp/crypto/types.hpp b/llarp/crypto/types.hpp
index 2c0d3711a..225be8278 100644
--- a/llarp/crypto/types.hpp
+++ b/llarp/crypto/types.hpp
@@ -243,3 +243,10 @@ namespace llarp
   /// SH(result, body)
   using shorthash_func = std::function<bool(ShortHash&, const llarp_buffer_t&)>;
 }  // namespace llarp
+
+namespace std
+{
+  template <>
+  struct hash<llarp::PubKey> : hash<llarp::AlignedBuffer<llarp::PubKey::SIZE>>
+  {};
+};  // namespace std
diff --git a/llarp/dht/context.hpp b/llarp/dht/context.hpp
index 9d00beec9..1b184555f 100644
--- a/llarp/dht/context.hpp
+++ b/llarp/dht/context.hpp
@@ -34,9 +34,9 @@ namespace llarp
 
     struct AbstractContext
     {
-      using PendingIntrosetLookups = TXHolder<TXOwner, service::EncryptedIntroSet, TXOwner::Hash>;
-      using PendingRouterLookups = TXHolder<RouterID, RouterContact, RouterID::Hash>;
-      using PendingExploreLookups = TXHolder<RouterID, RouterID, RouterID::Hash>;
+      using PendingIntrosetLookups = TXHolder<TXOwner, service::EncryptedIntroSet>;
+      using PendingRouterLookups = TXHolder<RouterID, RouterContact>;
+      using PendingExploreLookups = TXHolder<RouterID, RouterID>;
 
       virtual ~AbstractContext() = 0;
 
diff --git a/llarp/dht/txholder.hpp b/llarp/dht/txholder.hpp
index 2c7100146..b17586174 100644
--- a/llarp/dht/txholder.hpp
+++ b/llarp/dht/txholder.hpp
@@ -13,16 +13,16 @@ namespace llarp
 {
   namespace dht
   {
-    template <typename K, typename V, typename K_Hash>
+    template <typename K, typename V>
     struct TXHolder
     {
       using TXPtr = std::unique_ptr<TX<K, V>>;
       // tx who are waiting for a reply for each key
-      std::unordered_multimap<K, TXOwner, K_Hash> waiting;
+      std::unordered_multimap<K, TXOwner> waiting;
       // tx timesouts by key
-      std::unordered_map<K, llarp_time_t, K_Hash> timeouts;
+      std::unordered_map<K, llarp_time_t> timeouts;
       // maps remote peer with tx to handle reply from them
-      std::unordered_map<TXOwner, TXPtr, TXOwner::Hash> tx;
+      std::unordered_map<TXOwner, TXPtr> tx;
 
       const TX<K, V>*
       GetPendingLookupFrom(const TXOwner& owner) const;
@@ -106,9 +106,9 @@ namespace llarp
       Expire(llarp_time_t now);
     };
 
-    template <typename K, typename V, typename K_Hash>
+    template <typename K, typename V>
     const TX<K, V>*
-    TXHolder<K, V, K_Hash>::GetPendingLookupFrom(const TXOwner& owner) const
+    TXHolder<K, V>::GetPendingLookupFrom(const TXOwner& owner) const
     {
       auto itr = tx.find(owner);
       if (itr == tx.end())
@@ -119,9 +119,9 @@ namespace llarp
       return itr->second.get();
     }
 
-    template <typename K, typename V, typename K_Hash>
+    template <typename K, typename V>
     void
-    TXHolder<K, V, K_Hash>::NewTX(
+    TXHolder<K, V>::NewTX(
         const TXOwner& askpeer,
         const TXOwner& whoasked,
         const K& k,
@@ -144,9 +144,9 @@ namespace llarp
       }
     }
 
-    template <typename K, typename V, typename K_Hash>
+    template <typename K, typename V>
     void
-    TXHolder<K, V, K_Hash>::NotFound(const TXOwner& from, const std::unique_ptr<Key_t>&)
+    TXHolder<K, V>::NotFound(const TXOwner& from, const std::unique_ptr<Key_t>&)
     {
       auto txitr = tx.find(from);
       if (txitr == tx.end())
@@ -156,9 +156,9 @@ namespace llarp
       Inform(from, txitr->second->target, {}, true, true);
     }
 
-    template <typename K, typename V, typename K_Hash>
+    template <typename K, typename V>
     void
-    TXHolder<K, V, K_Hash>::Inform(
+    TXHolder<K, V>::Inform(
         TXOwner from, K key, std::vector<V> values, bool sendreply, bool removeTimeouts)
     {
       auto range = waiting.equal_range(key);
@@ -192,9 +192,9 @@ namespace llarp
       }
     }
 
-    template <typename K, typename V, typename K_Hash>
+    template <typename K, typename V>
     void
-    TXHolder<K, V, K_Hash>::Expire(llarp_time_t now)
+    TXHolder<K, V>::Expire(llarp_time_t now)
     {
       auto itr = timeouts.begin();
       while (itr != timeouts.end())
diff --git a/llarp/dht/txowner.hpp b/llarp/dht/txowner.hpp
index d334064bb..e21c878a1 100644
--- a/llarp/dht/txowner.hpp
+++ b/llarp/dht/txowner.hpp
@@ -44,17 +44,21 @@ namespace llarp
       {
         return std::tie(txid, node) < std::tie(other.txid, other.node);
       }
-
-      struct Hash
-      {
-        std::size_t
-        operator()(const TXOwner& o) const noexcept
-        {
-          std::size_t sz2;
-          memcpy(&sz2, o.node.data(), sizeof(std::size_t));
-          return o.txid ^ (sz2 << 1);
-        }
-      };
     };
   }  // namespace dht
 }  // namespace llarp
+
+namespace std
+{
+  template <>
+  struct hash<llarp::dht::TXOwner>
+  {
+    std::size_t
+    operator()(const llarp::dht::TXOwner& o) const noexcept
+    {
+      std::size_t sz2;
+      memcpy(&sz2, o.node.data(), sizeof(std::size_t));
+      return o.txid ^ (sz2 << 1);
+    }
+  };
+}  // namespace std
diff --git a/llarp/exit/context.hpp b/llarp/exit/context.hpp
index cfc71ea97..91398efa9 100644
--- a/llarp/exit/context.hpp
+++ b/llarp/exit/context.hpp
@@ -39,7 +39,7 @@ namespace llarp
       FindEndpointForPath(const PathID_t& path) const;
 
       /// calculate (pk, tx, rx) for all exit traffic
-      using TrafficStats = std::unordered_map<PubKey, std::pair<uint64_t, uint64_t>, PubKey::Hash>;
+      using TrafficStats = std::unordered_map<PubKey, std::pair<uint64_t, uint64_t>>;
 
       void
       CalculateExitTraffic(TrafficStats& stats);
diff --git a/llarp/handlers/exit.hpp b/llarp/handlers/exit.hpp
index cc408a3f7..7b066a2e4 100644
--- a/llarp/handlers/exit.hpp
+++ b/llarp/handlers/exit.hpp
@@ -134,13 +134,13 @@ namespace llarp
       bool m_ShouldInitTun;
       std::string m_Name;
       bool m_PermitExit;
-      std::unordered_map<PathID_t, PubKey, PathID_t::Hash> m_Paths;
+      std::unordered_map<PathID_t, PubKey> m_Paths;
 
-      std::unordered_map<PubKey, exit::Endpoint*, PubKey::Hash> m_ChosenExits;
+      std::unordered_map<PubKey, exit::Endpoint*> m_ChosenExits;
 
-      std::unordered_multimap<PubKey, std::unique_ptr<exit::Endpoint>, PubKey::Hash> m_ActiveExits;
+      std::unordered_multimap<PubKey, std::unique_ptr<exit::Endpoint>> m_ActiveExits;
 
-      using KeyMap_t = std::unordered_map<PubKey, huint128_t, PubKey::Hash>;
+      using KeyMap_t = std::unordered_map<PubKey, huint128_t>;
 
       KeyMap_t m_KeyToIP;
 
@@ -148,8 +148,7 @@ namespace llarp
       /// set of pubkeys we treat as snodes
       SNodes_t m_SNodeKeys;
 
-      using SNodeSessions_t =
-          std::unordered_map<RouterID, std::shared_ptr<exit::SNodeSession>, RouterID::Hash>;
+      using SNodeSessions_t = std::unordered_map<RouterID, std::shared_ptr<exit::SNodeSession>>;
       /// snode sessions we are talking to directly
       SNodeSessions_t m_SNodeSessions;
 
diff --git a/llarp/handlers/tun.cpp b/llarp/handlers/tun.cpp
index 2cf56835d..43ca3d490 100644
--- a/llarp/handlers/tun.cpp
+++ b/llarp/handlers/tun.cpp
@@ -61,8 +61,8 @@ namespace llarp
         hdr->ttl = 64;
         hdr->frag_off = htons(0b0100000000000000);
 
-        hdr->saddr = from.getIPv4();
-        hdr->daddr = to.getIPv4();
+        hdr->saddr = from.getIPv4().n;
+        hdr->daddr = to.getIPv4().n;
 
         // make udp packet
         uint8_t* ptr = pkt.buf + 20;
@@ -98,8 +98,8 @@ namespace llarp
         const uint8_t* ptr = pkt.buf + ip_header_size;
         const auto dst = ToNet(pkt.dstv4());
         const auto src = ToNet(pkt.srcv4());
-        const SockAddr laddr{src.n, *reinterpret_cast<const uint16_t*>(ptr)};
-        const SockAddr raddr{dst.n, *reinterpret_cast<const uint16_t*>(ptr + 2)};
+        const SockAddr laddr{src, nuint16_t{*reinterpret_cast<const uint16_t*>(ptr)}};
+        const SockAddr raddr{dst, nuint16_t{*reinterpret_cast<const uint16_t*>(ptr + 2)}};
 
         OwnedBuffer buf{pkt.sz - (udp_header_size + ip_header_size)};
         std::copy_n(ptr + udp_header_size, buf.sz, buf.buf.get());
@@ -931,7 +931,7 @@ namespace llarp
           {
             (void)ip;
             SendToServiceOrQueue(
-                service::Address{addr.as_array()}, pkt.ConstBuffer(), service::eProtocolExit);
+                service::Address{addr.as_array()}, pkt.ConstBuffer(), service::ProtocolType::Exit);
           }
           return;
         }
@@ -966,7 +966,7 @@ namespace llarp
                   {
                     ctx->sendTimeout = 5s;
                   }
-                  self->SendToServiceOrQueue(addr, pkt.ConstBuffer(), service::eProtocolExit);
+                  self->SendToServiceOrQueue(addr, pkt.ConstBuffer(), service::ProtocolType::Exit);
                 },
                 1s);
           }
@@ -989,7 +989,7 @@ namespace llarp
               this,
               service::Address(itr->second.as_array()),
               std::placeholders::_1,
-              service::eProtocolExit);
+              service::ProtocolType::Exit);
         }
         else
         {
@@ -1025,8 +1025,8 @@ namespace llarp
         service::ProtocolType t,
         uint64_t seqno)
     {
-      if (t != service::eProtocolTrafficV4 && t != service::eProtocolTrafficV6
-          && t != service::eProtocolExit)
+      if (t != service::ProtocolType::TrafficV4 && t != service::ProtocolType::TrafficV6
+          && t != service::ProtocolType::Exit)
         return false;
       AlignedBuffer<32> addr;
       bool snode = false;
@@ -1042,7 +1042,7 @@ namespace llarp
       {
         // exit side from exit
         src = ObtainIPForAddr(addr, snode);
-        if (t == service::eProtocolExit)
+        if (t == service::ProtocolType::Exit)
         {
           if (pkt.IsV4())
             dst = pkt.dst4to6();
@@ -1058,7 +1058,7 @@ namespace llarp
           dst = m_OurIP;
         }
       }
-      else if (t == service::eProtocolExit)
+      else if (t == service::ProtocolType::Exit)
       {
         // client side exit traffic from exit
         if (pkt.IsV4())
diff --git a/llarp/handlers/tun.hpp b/llarp/handlers/tun.hpp
index bb6d6fe9a..31399e86a 100644
--- a/llarp/handlers/tun.hpp
+++ b/llarp/handlers/tun.hpp
@@ -200,11 +200,11 @@ namespace llarp
       /// maps ip to key (host byte order)
       std::unordered_map<huint128_t, AlignedBuffer<32>> m_IPToAddr;
       /// maps key to ip (host byte order)
-      std::unordered_map<AlignedBuffer<32>, huint128_t, AlignedBuffer<32>::Hash> m_AddrToIP;
+      std::unordered_map<AlignedBuffer<32>, huint128_t> m_AddrToIP;
 
       /// maps key to true if key is a service node, maps key to false if key is
       /// a hidden service
-      std::unordered_map<AlignedBuffer<32>, bool, AlignedBuffer<32>::Hash> m_SNodes;
+      std::unordered_map<AlignedBuffer<32>, bool> m_SNodes;
 
      private:
       template <typename Addr_t, typename Endpoint_t>
diff --git a/llarp/iwp/linklayer.hpp b/llarp/iwp/linklayer.hpp
index 0bdd5d7f5..52d81ee2e 100644
--- a/llarp/iwp/linklayer.hpp
+++ b/llarp/iwp/linklayer.hpp
@@ -61,8 +61,8 @@ namespace llarp::iwp
     HandleWakeupPlaintext();
 
     const std::shared_ptr<EventLoopWakeup> m_Wakeup;
-    std::unordered_map<SockAddr, std::weak_ptr<Session>, SockAddr::Hash> m_PlaintextRecv;
-    std::unordered_map<SockAddr, RouterID, SockAddr::Hash> m_AuthedAddrs;
+    std::unordered_map<SockAddr, std::weak_ptr<Session>> m_PlaintextRecv;
+    std::unordered_map<SockAddr, RouterID> m_AuthedAddrs;
     const bool permitInbound;
   };
 
diff --git a/llarp/link/link_manager.cpp b/llarp/link/link_manager.cpp
index a680488ac..0d987c3b1 100644
--- a/llarp/link/link_manager.cpp
+++ b/llarp/link/link_manager.cpp
@@ -296,7 +296,7 @@ namespace llarp
   bool
   LinkManager::GetRandomConnectedRouter(RouterContact& router) const
   {
-    std::unordered_map<RouterID, RouterContact, RouterID::Hash> connectedRouters;
+    std::unordered_map<RouterID, RouterContact> connectedRouters;
 
     ForEachPeer(
         [&connectedRouters](const ILinkSession* peer, bool unused) {
diff --git a/llarp/link/link_manager.hpp b/llarp/link/link_manager.hpp
index 8cf7d58ba..e05debb1e 100644
--- a/llarp/link/link_manager.hpp
+++ b/llarp/link/link_manager.hpp
@@ -104,10 +104,9 @@ namespace llarp
     LinkSet inboundLinks;
 
     // sessions to persist -> timestamp to end persist at
-    std::unordered_map<RouterID, llarp_time_t, RouterID::Hash> m_PersistingSessions
-        GUARDED_BY(_mutex);
+    std::unordered_map<RouterID, llarp_time_t> m_PersistingSessions GUARDED_BY(_mutex);
 
-    std::unordered_map<RouterID, SessionStats, RouterID::Hash> m_lastRouterStats;
+    std::unordered_map<RouterID, SessionStats> m_lastRouterStats;
 
     IOutboundSessionMaker* _sessionMaker;
   };
diff --git a/llarp/link/server.cpp b/llarp/link/server.cpp
index 78f8099fe..6e40b0df4 100644
--- a/llarp/link/server.cpp
+++ b/llarp/link/server.cpp
@@ -172,7 +172,7 @@ namespace llarp
   void
   ILinkLayer::Pump()
   {
-    std::unordered_set<RouterID, RouterID::Hash> closedSessions;
+    std::unordered_set<RouterID> closedSessions;
     std::vector<std::shared_ptr<ILinkSession>> closedPending;
     auto _now = Now();
     {
diff --git a/llarp/link/server.hpp b/llarp/link/server.hpp
index 6fe75c68b..cc3b5e84e 100644
--- a/llarp/link/server.hpp
+++ b/llarp/link/server.hpp
@@ -244,16 +244,14 @@ namespace llarp
     std::shared_ptr<llarp::UDPHandle> m_udp;
     SecretKey m_SecretKey;
 
-    using AuthedLinks =
-        std::unordered_multimap<RouterID, std::shared_ptr<ILinkSession>, RouterID::Hash>;
-    using Pending =
-        std::unordered_multimap<SockAddr, std::shared_ptr<ILinkSession>, SockAddr::Hash>;
+    using AuthedLinks = std::unordered_multimap<RouterID, std::shared_ptr<ILinkSession>>;
+    using Pending = std::unordered_multimap<SockAddr, std::shared_ptr<ILinkSession>>;
     mutable DECLARE_LOCK(Mutex_t, m_AuthedLinksMutex, ACQUIRED_BEFORE(m_PendingMutex));
     AuthedLinks m_AuthedLinks GUARDED_BY(m_AuthedLinksMutex);
     mutable DECLARE_LOCK(Mutex_t, m_PendingMutex, ACQUIRED_AFTER(m_AuthedLinksMutex));
     Pending m_Pending GUARDED_BY(m_PendingMutex);
 
-    std::unordered_map<SockAddr, llarp_time_t, SockAddr::Hash> m_RecentlyClosed;
+    std::unordered_map<SockAddr, llarp_time_t> m_RecentlyClosed;
 
    private:
     std::shared_ptr<int> m_repeater_keepalive;
diff --git a/llarp/net/address_info.hpp b/llarp/net/address_info.hpp
index 0a972b011..5851ad07c 100644
--- a/llarp/net/address_info.hpp
+++ b/llarp/net/address_info.hpp
@@ -49,15 +49,6 @@ namespace llarp
 
     std::ostream&
     print(std::ostream& stream, int level, int spaces) const;
-
-    struct Hash
-    {
-      size_t
-      operator()(const AddressInfo& addr) const
-      {
-        return AlignedBuffer<PUBKEYSIZE>::Hash()(addr.pubkey);
-      }
-    };
   };
 
   void
@@ -76,3 +67,16 @@ namespace llarp
   operator<(const AddressInfo& lhs, const AddressInfo& rhs);
 
 }  // namespace llarp
+
+namespace std
+{
+  template <>
+  struct hash<llarp::AddressInfo>
+  {
+    size_t
+    operator()(const llarp::AddressInfo& addr) const
+    {
+      return std::hash<llarp::PubKey>{}(addr.pubkey);
+    }
+  };
+}  // namespace std
diff --git a/llarp/net/ip_address.hpp b/llarp/net/ip_address.hpp
index 3e7139645..2414f4f8e 100644
--- a/llarp/net/ip_address.hpp
+++ b/llarp/net/ip_address.hpp
@@ -132,7 +132,7 @@ namespace llarp
     // TODO: other utility functions left over from Addr which may be useful
     // IsBogon() const;
     // isPrivate() const;
-    // struct Hash
+    // std::hash
     // to string / stream / etc
 
     bool
@@ -141,15 +141,6 @@ namespace llarp
     bool
     operator==(const IpAddress& other) const;
 
-    struct Hash
-    {
-      std::size_t
-      operator()(const IpAddress& address) const noexcept
-      {
-        return std::hash<std::string>{}(address.toString());
-      }
-    };
-
    private:
     bool m_empty = true;
     std::string m_ipAddress;
@@ -160,3 +151,16 @@ namespace llarp
   operator<<(std::ostream& out, const IpAddress& address);
 
 }  // namespace llarp
+
+namespace std
+{
+  template <>
+  struct hash<llarp::IpAddress>
+  {
+    std::size_t
+    operator()(const llarp::IpAddress& address) const noexcept
+    {
+      return std::hash<std::string>{}(address.toString());
+    }
+  };
+}  // namespace std
diff --git a/llarp/net/ip_packet.hpp b/llarp/net/ip_packet.hpp
index b013b7f36..6375bbb3a 100644
--- a/llarp/net/ip_packet.hpp
+++ b/llarp/net/ip_packet.hpp
@@ -226,11 +226,11 @@ namespace llarp
       ServiceProtocol() const
       {
         if (IsV4())
-          return service::eProtocolTrafficV4;
+          return service::ProtocolType::TrafficV4;
         if (IsV6())
-          return service::eProtocolTrafficV6;
+          return service::ProtocolType::TrafficV6;
 
-        return service::eProtocolControl;
+        return service::ProtocolType::Control;
       }
 
       huint128_t
diff --git a/llarp/net/net_int.cpp b/llarp/net/net_int.cpp
index 8db35d889..caecb7ab4 100644
--- a/llarp/net/net_int.cpp
+++ b/llarp/net/net_int.cpp
@@ -4,27 +4,42 @@
 
 namespace llarp
 {
-  template <>
+  huint16_t
+  ToHost(nuint16_t n)
+  {
+    return xntohs(n);
+  }
+
   huint32_t
   ToHost(nuint32_t n)
   {
     return xntohl(n);
   }
 
-  template <>
+  huint128_t
+  ToHost(nuint128_t n)
+  {
+    return {ntoh128(n.n)};
+  }
+
   nuint16_t
   ToNet(huint16_t h)
   {
     return xhtons(h);
   }
 
-  template <>
   nuint32_t
   ToNet(huint32_t h)
   {
     return xhtonl(h);
   }
 
+  nuint128_t
+  ToNet(huint128_t h)
+  {
+    return {hton128(h.h)};
+  }
+
   template <>
   void
   huint32_t::ToV6(V6Container& c)
diff --git a/llarp/net/net_int.hpp b/llarp/net/net_int.hpp
index 2faf244e6..61d5ff589 100644
--- a/llarp/net/net_int.hpp
+++ b/llarp/net/net_int.hpp
@@ -220,14 +220,13 @@ namespace llarp
     return huint16_t{ntohs(x.n)};
   }
 
-  template <typename UInt_t>
-  huint_t<UInt_t>
-  ToHost(nuint_t<UInt_t> h);
-
-  template <typename UInt_t>
-  nuint_t<UInt_t>
-  ToNet(huint_t<UInt_t> h);
+  huint16_t ToHost(nuint16_t);
+  huint32_t ToHost(nuint32_t);
+  huint128_t ToHost(nuint128_t);
 
+  nuint16_t ToNet(huint16_t);
+  nuint32_t ToNet(huint32_t);
+  nuint128_t ToNet(huint128_t);
 }  // namespace llarp
 
 namespace std
diff --git a/llarp/net/sock_addr.cpp b/llarp/net/sock_addr.cpp
index d8a9644fc..37d3a3586 100644
--- a/llarp/net/sock_addr.cpp
+++ b/llarp/net/sock_addr.cpp
@@ -39,23 +39,32 @@ namespace llarp
     init();
   }
 
-  SockAddr::SockAddr(uint8_t a, uint8_t b, uint8_t c, uint8_t d)
+  SockAddr::SockAddr(uint8_t a, uint8_t b, uint8_t c, uint8_t d, huint16_t port)
   {
     init();
     setIPv4(a, b, c, d);
+    setPort(port);
   }
 
-  SockAddr::SockAddr(uint8_t a, uint8_t b, uint8_t c, uint8_t d, uint16_t port)
-      : SockAddr{a, b, c, d}
+  SockAddr::SockAddr(nuint32_t ip, nuint16_t port)
   {
+    init();
+    setIPv4(ip);
     setPort(port);
   }
 
-  SockAddr::SockAddr(uint32_t ip, uint16_t port)
+  SockAddr::SockAddr(huint128_t ip, huint16_t port)
   {
     init();
-    setIPv4(ip);
-    setPort(ntohs(port));
+    setIPv6(ip);
+    setPort(port);
+  }
+
+  SockAddr::SockAddr(nuint128_t ip, nuint16_t port)
+  {
+    init();
+    setIPv6(ip);
+    setPort(port);
   }
 
   SockAddr::SockAddr(std::string_view addr)
@@ -66,13 +75,13 @@ namespace llarp
   SockAddr::SockAddr(std::string_view addr, uint16_t port)
   {
     init();
-    setPort(port);
+    setPort(huint16_t{port});
     fromString(addr, false);
   }
 
   SockAddr::SockAddr(const AddressInfo& info) : SockAddr{info.ip}
   {
-    setPort(info.port);
+    setPort(huint16_t{info.port});
   }
 
   SockAddr::SockAddr(const SockAddr& other)
@@ -138,12 +147,14 @@ namespace llarp
 
     memcpy(&m_addr, &other, sizeof(sockaddr_in6));
     if (ipv6_is_mapped_ipv4(other.sin6_addr))
+    {
       setIPv4(
           other.sin6_addr.s6_addr[12],
           other.sin6_addr.s6_addr[13],
           other.sin6_addr.s6_addr[14],
           other.sin6_addr.s6_addr[15]);
-    setPort(ntohs(other.sin6_port));
+      m_addr4.sin_port = m_addr.sin6_port;
+    }
     m_empty = false;
 
     return *this;
@@ -161,7 +172,10 @@ namespace llarp
 
     memcpy(&m_addr.sin6_addr.s6_addr, &other.s6_addr, sizeof(m_addr.sin6_addr.s6_addr));
     if (ipv6_is_mapped_ipv4(other))
+    {
       setIPv4(other.s6_addr[12], other.s6_addr[13], other.s6_addr[14], other.s6_addr[15]);
+      m_addr4.sin_port = m_addr.sin6_port;
+    }
     m_empty = false;
 
     return *this;
@@ -302,14 +316,14 @@ namespace llarp
     return m_empty;
   }
 
-  uint32_t
+  nuint32_t
   SockAddr::getIPv4() const
   {
-    return m_addr4.sin_addr.s_addr;
+    return {m_addr4.sin_addr.s_addr};
   }
 
   void
-  SockAddr::setIPv4(uint32_t ip)
+  SockAddr::setIPv4(nuint32_t ip)
   {
     uint8_t* ip6 = m_addr.sin6_addr.s6_addr;
     llarp::Zero(ip6, sizeof(m_addr.sin6_addr.s6_addr));
@@ -317,10 +331,16 @@ namespace llarp
     applyIPv4MapBytes();
 
     std::memcpy(ip6 + 12, &ip, 4);
-    m_addr4.sin_addr.s_addr = ip;
+    m_addr4.sin_addr.s_addr = ip.n;
     m_empty = false;
   }
 
+  void
+  SockAddr::setIPv4(huint32_t ip)
+  {
+    setIPv4(ToNet(ip));
+  }
+
   void
   SockAddr::setIPv4(uint8_t a, uint8_t b, uint8_t c, uint8_t d)
   {
@@ -339,10 +359,37 @@ namespace llarp
   }
 
   void
-  SockAddr::setPort(uint16_t port)
+  SockAddr::setIPv6(huint128_t ip)
+  {
+    return setIPv6(ToNet(ip));
+  }
+
+  void
+  SockAddr::setIPv6(nuint128_t ip)
+  {
+    std::memcpy(&m_addr.sin6_addr, &ip, sizeof(m_addr.sin6_addr));
+    if (ipv6_is_mapped_ipv4(m_addr.sin6_addr))
+    {
+      setIPv4(
+          m_addr.sin6_addr.s6_addr[12],
+          m_addr.sin6_addr.s6_addr[13],
+          m_addr.sin6_addr.s6_addr[14],
+          m_addr.sin6_addr.s6_addr[15]);
+      m_addr4.sin_port = m_addr.sin6_port;
+    }
+  }
+
+  void
+  SockAddr::setPort(nuint16_t port)
+  {
+    m_addr.sin6_port = port.n;
+    m_addr4.sin_port = port.n;
+  }
+
+  void
+  SockAddr::setPort(huint16_t port)
   {
-    m_addr.sin6_port = htons(port);
-    m_addr4.sin_port = htons(port);
+    setPort(ToNet(port));
   }
 
   uint16_t
diff --git a/llarp/net/sock_addr.hpp b/llarp/net/sock_addr.hpp
index 336ef426b..303d71752 100644
--- a/llarp/net/sock_addr.hpp
+++ b/llarp/net/sock_addr.hpp
@@ -27,11 +27,20 @@ namespace llarp
   struct SockAddr
   {
     SockAddr();
-    SockAddr(uint8_t a, uint8_t b, uint8_t c, uint8_t d);
-    SockAddr(uint8_t a, uint8_t b, uint8_t c, uint8_t d, uint16_t port);
+    // IPv4 constructors:
+    SockAddr(uint8_t a, uint8_t b, uint8_t c, uint8_t d, huint16_t port = {0});
+    SockAddr(nuint32_t ip, nuint16_t port);
+    SockAddr(huint32_t ip, huint16_t port);
+
+    // IPv6 (or IPv4 if given a special IPv4-mapped IPv6 addr) in host order (including port).
+    SockAddr(huint128_t ip, huint16_t port = {0});
+    // IPv6 (or IPv4 if given a special IPv4-mapped IPv6 addr) in network order.  NB: port is also
+    // in network order!
+    SockAddr(nuint128_t ip, nuint16_t port = {0});
+
+    // String ctors
     SockAddr(std::string_view addr);
-    SockAddr(std::string_view addr, uint16_t port);
-    SockAddr(uint32_t ip, uint16_t port);
+    SockAddr(std::string_view addr, uint16_t port);  // port is in native (host) order
 
     SockAddr(const AddressInfo&);
 
@@ -81,37 +90,47 @@ namespace llarp
     void
     setIPv4(uint8_t a, uint8_t b, uint8_t c, uint8_t d);
 
-    /// port is in host order
     void
-    setIPv4(uint32_t ip);
+    setIPv4(nuint32_t ip);
 
     void
-    setPort(uint16_t port);
+    setIPv4(huint32_t ip);
 
-    /// port is in host order
+    void
+    setIPv6(huint128_t ip);
+
+    void
+    setIPv6(nuint128_t ip);
+
+    void
+    setPort(huint16_t port);
+
+    void
+    setPort(nuint16_t port);
+
+    // Port is a native (host) value
+    void
+    setPort(uint16_t port)
+    {
+      setPort(huint16_t{port});
+    }
+
+    /// port is always returned in native (host) order
     uint16_t
     getPort() const;
 
-    huint128_t
-    asIPv6() const;
     /// in network order
-    uint32_t
+    nuint128_t
+    getIPv6() const;
+    nuint32_t
     getIPv4() const;
 
+    /// in host order
+    huint128_t
+    asIPv6() const;
     huint32_t
     asIPv4() const;
 
-    struct Hash
-    {
-      size_t
-      operator()(const SockAddr& addr) const noexcept
-      {
-        const std::hash<uint16_t> port{};
-        const std::hash<huint128_t> ip{};
-        return (port(addr.getPort()) << 3) ^ ip(addr.asIPv6());
-      }
-    };
-
    private:
     bool m_empty = true;
     sockaddr_in6 m_addr;
@@ -128,3 +147,18 @@ namespace llarp
   operator<<(std::ostream& out, const SockAddr& address);
 
 }  // namespace llarp
+
+namespace std
+{
+  template <>
+  struct hash<llarp::SockAddr>
+  {
+    size_t
+    operator()(const llarp::SockAddr& addr) const noexcept
+    {
+      const std::hash<uint16_t> port{};
+      const std::hash<llarp::huint128_t> ip{};
+      return (port(addr.getPort()) << 3) ^ ip(addr.asIPv6());
+    }
+  };
+}  // namespace std
diff --git a/llarp/net/uint128.hpp b/llarp/net/uint128.hpp
index 33aa8bd96..aa1c96d08 100644
--- a/llarp/net/uint128.hpp
+++ b/llarp/net/uint128.hpp
@@ -314,3 +314,9 @@ ntoh128(llarp::uint128_t i)
   return {loSwapped, hiSwapped};
 #endif
 }
+
+inline llarp::uint128_t
+hton128(llarp::uint128_t i)
+{
+  return ntoh128(i);  // Same bit flipping as n-to-h
+}
diff --git a/llarp/path/path.hpp b/llarp/path/path.hpp
index 867673a99..5253f5f26 100644
--- a/llarp/path/path.hpp
+++ b/llarp/path/path.hpp
@@ -115,16 +115,16 @@ namespace llarp
           const auto& tx = p.hops[0].txID;
           const auto& rx = p.hops[0].rxID;
           const auto& r = p.hops[0].upstream;
-          const size_t rhash = std::accumulate(r.begin(), r.end(), 0, std::bit_xor<size_t>());
+          const size_t rhash = std::accumulate(r.begin(), r.end(), 0, std::bit_xor{});
           return std::accumulate(
               rx.begin(),
               rx.begin(),
-              std::accumulate(tx.begin(), tx.end(), rhash, std::bit_xor<size_t>()),
-              std::bit_xor<size_t>());
+              std::accumulate(tx.begin(), tx.end(), rhash, std::bit_xor{}),
+              std::bit_xor{});
         }
       };
 
-      /// hash for std::shared_ptr
+      /// hash for std::shared_ptr<Path>
       struct Ptr_Hash
       {
         size_t
@@ -136,7 +136,7 @@ namespace llarp
         }
       };
 
-      /// hash for std::shared_ptr by path endpoint
+      /// hash for std::shared_ptr<Path> by path endpoint
       struct Endpoint_Hash
       {
         size_t
@@ -144,7 +144,7 @@ namespace llarp
         {
           if (p == nullptr)
             return 0;
-          return RouterID::Hash{}(p->Endpoint());
+          return std::hash<RouterID>{}(p->Endpoint());
         }
       };
 
diff --git a/llarp/path/path_context.hpp b/llarp/path/path_context.hpp
index a0eec0a5a..ad3c7f204 100644
--- a/llarp/path/path_context.hpp
+++ b/llarp/path/path_context.hpp
@@ -109,7 +109,7 @@ namespace llarp
       void
       RemovePathSet(PathSet_ptr set);
 
-      using TransitHopsMap_t = std::unordered_multimap<PathID_t, TransitHop_ptr, PathID_t::Hash>;
+      using TransitHopsMap_t = std::unordered_multimap<PathID_t, TransitHop_ptr>;
 
       struct SyncTransitMap_t
       {
@@ -129,7 +129,7 @@ namespace llarp
       };
 
       // maps path id -> pathset owner of path
-      using OwnedPathsMap_t = std::unordered_map<PathID_t, Path_ptr, PathID_t::Hash>;
+      using OwnedPathsMap_t = std::unordered_map<PathID_t, Path_ptr>;
 
       struct SyncOwnedPathsMap_t
       {
diff --git a/llarp/path/path_types.hpp b/llarp/path/path_types.hpp
index eb3bc5306..917379ad4 100644
--- a/llarp/path/path_types.hpp
+++ b/llarp/path/path_types.hpp
@@ -6,8 +6,13 @@
 namespace llarp
 {
   struct PathID_t final : public AlignedBuffer<PATHIDSIZE>
-  {
-    using Hash = AlignedBuffer<PATHIDSIZE>::Hash;
-  };
+  {};
 
 }  // namespace llarp
+
+namespace std
+{
+  template <>
+  struct hash<llarp::PathID_t> : hash<llarp::AlignedBuffer<llarp::PathID_t::SIZE>>
+  {};
+}  // namespace std
diff --git a/llarp/path/pathset.hpp b/llarp/path/pathset.hpp
index 6105bc5b4..5cb787053 100644
--- a/llarp/path/pathset.hpp
+++ b/llarp/path/pathset.hpp
@@ -13,6 +13,19 @@
 #include <map>
 #include <tuple>
 
+namespace std
+{
+  template <>
+  struct hash<std::pair<llarp::RouterID, llarp::PathID_t>>
+  {
+    size_t
+    operator()(const std::pair<llarp::RouterID, llarp::PathID_t>& i) const
+    {
+      return hash<llarp::RouterID>{}(i.first) ^ hash<llarp::PathID_t>{}(i.second);
+    }
+  };
+}  // namespace std
+
 namespace llarp
 {
   struct RouterContact;
@@ -294,29 +307,9 @@ namespace llarp
       void
       TickPaths(AbstractRouter* r);
 
-      using PathInfo_t = std::pair<RouterID, PathID_t>;
-
-      struct PathInfoHash
-      {
-        size_t
-        operator()(const PathInfo_t& i) const
-        {
-          return RouterID::Hash()(i.first) ^ PathID_t::Hash()(i.second);
-        }
-      };
-
-      struct PathInfoEquals
-      {
-        bool
-        operator()(const PathInfo_t& left, const PathInfo_t& right) const
-        {
-          return left.first == right.first && left.second == right.second;
-        }
-      };
-
       using Mtx_t = util::NullMutex;
       using Lock_t = util::NullLock;
-      using PathMap_t = std::unordered_map<PathInfo_t, Path_ptr, PathInfoHash, PathInfoEquals>;
+      using PathMap_t = std::unordered_map<std::pair<RouterID, PathID_t>, Path_ptr>;
       mutable Mtx_t m_PathsMutex;
       PathMap_t m_Paths;
     };
diff --git a/llarp/path/transit_hop.hpp b/llarp/path/transit_hop.hpp
index 052b8b9a1..315cf83d8 100644
--- a/llarp/path/transit_hop.hpp
+++ b/llarp/path/transit_hop.hpp
@@ -30,28 +30,6 @@ namespace llarp
 
       std::ostream&
       print(std::ostream& stream, int level, int spaces) const;
-
-      struct PathIDHash
-      {
-        std::size_t
-        operator()(const PathID_t& a) const
-        {
-          return AlignedBuffer<PathID_t::SIZE>::Hash()(a);
-        }
-      };
-
-      struct Hash
-      {
-        std::size_t
-        operator()(TransitHopInfo const& a) const
-        {
-          std::size_t idx0 = RouterID::Hash()(a.upstream);
-          std::size_t idx1 = RouterID::Hash()(a.downstream);
-          std::size_t idx2 = PathIDHash()(a.txID);
-          std::size_t idx3 = PathIDHash()(a.rxID);
-          return idx0 ^ idx1 ^ idx2 ^ idx3;
-        }
-      };
     };
 
     inline bool
@@ -235,3 +213,18 @@ namespace llarp
     }
   }  // namespace path
 }  // namespace llarp
+
+namespace std
+{
+  template <>
+  struct hash<llarp::path::TransitHopInfo>
+  {
+    std::size_t
+    operator()(llarp::path::TransitHopInfo const& a) const
+    {
+      hash<llarp::RouterID> RHash{};
+      hash<llarp::PathID_t> PHash{};
+      return RHash(a.upstream) ^ RHash(a.downstream) ^ PHash(a.txID) ^ PHash(a.rxID);
+    }
+  };
+}  // namespace std
diff --git a/llarp/peerstats/peer_db.hpp b/llarp/peerstats/peer_db.hpp
index ecbb739ab..b669b233c 100644
--- a/llarp/peerstats/peer_db.hpp
+++ b/llarp/peerstats/peer_db.hpp
@@ -127,7 +127,7 @@ namespace llarp
     ExtractStatus() const;
 
    private:
-    std::unordered_map<RouterID, PeerStats, RouterID::Hash> m_peerStats;
+    std::unordered_map<RouterID, PeerStats> m_peerStats;
     mutable std::mutex m_statsLock;
 
     std::unique_ptr<PeerDbStorage> m_storage;
diff --git a/llarp/router/outbound_message_handler.hpp b/llarp/router/outbound_message_handler.hpp
index 95c31a95b..8769b80d6 100644
--- a/llarp/router/outbound_message_handler.hpp
+++ b/llarp/router/outbound_message_handler.hpp
@@ -128,10 +128,9 @@ namespace llarp
 
     mutable util::Mutex _mutex;  // protects pendingSessionMessageQueues
 
-    std::unordered_map<RouterID, MessageQueue, RouterID::Hash> pendingSessionMessageQueues
-        GUARDED_BY(_mutex);
+    std::unordered_map<RouterID, MessageQueue> pendingSessionMessageQueues GUARDED_BY(_mutex);
 
-    std::unordered_map<PathID_t, MessageQueue, PathID_t::Hash> outboundMessageQueues;
+    std::unordered_map<PathID_t, MessageQueue> outboundMessageQueues;
 
     std::queue<PathID_t> roundRobinOrder;
 
diff --git a/llarp/router/outbound_session_maker.hpp b/llarp/router/outbound_session_maker.hpp
index da52fd474..1906868ee 100644
--- a/llarp/router/outbound_session_maker.hpp
+++ b/llarp/router/outbound_session_maker.hpp
@@ -100,11 +100,10 @@ namespace llarp
 
     mutable util::Mutex _mutex;  // protects pendingSessions, pendingCallbacks
 
-    std::unordered_map<RouterID, std::shared_ptr<PendingSession>, RouterID::Hash> pendingSessions
+    std::unordered_map<RouterID, std::shared_ptr<PendingSession>> pendingSessions
         GUARDED_BY(_mutex);
 
-    std::unordered_map<RouterID, CallbacksQueue, RouterID::Hash> pendingCallbacks
-        GUARDED_BY(_mutex);
+    std::unordered_map<RouterID, CallbacksQueue> pendingCallbacks GUARDED_BY(_mutex);
 
     AbstractRouter* _router = nullptr;
     ILinkManager* _linkManager = nullptr;
diff --git a/llarp/router/rc_lookup_handler.hpp b/llarp/router/rc_lookup_handler.hpp
index 8cc7cafe1..a3b88e924 100644
--- a/llarp/router/rc_lookup_handler.hpp
+++ b/llarp/router/rc_lookup_handler.hpp
@@ -114,8 +114,7 @@ namespace llarp
     std::set<RouterContact> _bootstrapRCList;
     std::unordered_set<RouterID> _bootstrapRouterIDList;
 
-    std::unordered_map<RouterID, CallbacksQueue, RouterID::Hash> pendingCallbacks
-        GUARDED_BY(_mutex);
+    std::unordered_map<RouterID, CallbacksQueue> pendingCallbacks GUARDED_BY(_mutex);
 
     bool useWhitelist = false;
     bool isServiceNode = false;
@@ -123,7 +122,7 @@ namespace llarp
     std::unordered_set<RouterID> whitelistRouters GUARDED_BY(_mutex);
 
     using TimePoint = std::chrono::steady_clock::time_point;
-    std::unordered_map<RouterID, TimePoint, RouterID::Hash> _routerLookupTimes;
+    std::unordered_map<RouterID, TimePoint> _routerLookupTimes;
   };
 
 }  // namespace llarp
diff --git a/llarp/router/router.cpp b/llarp/router/router.cpp
index abd7ed366..769565bdb 100644
--- a/llarp/router/router.cpp
+++ b/llarp/router/router.cpp
@@ -797,7 +797,7 @@ namespace llarp
     });
 
     // find all deregistered relays
-    std::unordered_set<PubKey, PubKey::Hash> closePeers;
+    std::unordered_set<PubKey> closePeers;
 
     _linkManager.ForEachPeer([&](auto session) {
       if (whitelistRouters and not gotWhitelist)
diff --git a/llarp/router_contact.hpp b/llarp/router_contact.hpp
index 2d93ed5a8..48442a202 100644
--- a/llarp/router_contact.hpp
+++ b/llarp/router_contact.hpp
@@ -83,15 +83,6 @@ namespace llarp
       Clear();
     }
 
-    struct Hash
-    {
-      size_t
-      operator()(const RouterContact& r) const
-      {
-        return PubKey::Hash()(r.pubkey);
-      }
-    };
-
     // advertised addresses
     std::vector<AddressInfo> addrs;
     // network identifier
@@ -240,3 +231,16 @@ namespace llarp
 
   using RouterLookupHandler = std::function<void(const std::vector<RouterContact>&)>;
 }  // namespace llarp
+
+namespace std
+{
+  template <>
+  struct hash<llarp::RouterContact>
+  {
+    size_t
+    operator()(const llarp::RouterContact& r) const
+    {
+      return std::hash<llarp::PubKey>{}(r.pubkey);
+    }
+  };
+}  // namespace std
diff --git a/llarp/router_id.hpp b/llarp/router_id.hpp
index ccc1c74c4..70c4dfbc3 100644
--- a/llarp/router_id.hpp
+++ b/llarp/router_id.hpp
@@ -11,8 +11,7 @@ namespace llarp
 
     using Data = std::array<byte_t, SIZE>;
 
-    RouterID()
-    {}
+    RouterID() = default;
 
     RouterID(const byte_t* buf) : AlignedBuffer<SIZE>(buf)
     {}
@@ -44,8 +43,6 @@ namespace llarp
     {
       return out << id.ToString();
     }
-
-    using Hash = AlignedBuffer<SIZE>::Hash;
   };
 
   inline bool
@@ -59,13 +56,6 @@ namespace llarp
 namespace std
 {
   template <>
-  struct hash<llarp::RouterID>
-  {
-    size_t
-    operator()(const llarp::RouterID& id) const
-    {
-      const llarp::RouterID::Hash h{};
-      return h(id);
-    }
-  };
+  struct hash<llarp::RouterID> : hash<llarp::AlignedBuffer<llarp::RouterID::SIZE>>
+  {};
 }  // namespace std
diff --git a/llarp/rpc/endpoint_rpc.cpp b/llarp/rpc/endpoint_rpc.cpp
index c546c8f2f..8f59576c6 100644
--- a/llarp/rpc/endpoint_rpc.cpp
+++ b/llarp/rpc/endpoint_rpc.cpp
@@ -65,7 +65,7 @@ namespace llarp::rpc
       return;
     }
 
-    if (msg->proto != llarp::service::eProtocolAuth)
+    if (msg->proto != llarp::service::ProtocolType::Auth)
     {
       // not an auth message, reject
       reply(service::AuthResult{service::AuthResultCode::eAuthRejected, "protocol error"});
diff --git a/llarp/rpc/endpoint_rpc.hpp b/llarp/rpc/endpoint_rpc.hpp
index a7a699b28..c84cf6183 100644
--- a/llarp/rpc/endpoint_rpc.hpp
+++ b/llarp/rpc/endpoint_rpc.hpp
@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ namespace llarp::rpc
   {
     using LMQ_ptr = std::shared_ptr<oxenmq::OxenMQ>;
     using Endpoint_ptr = std::shared_ptr<llarp::service::Endpoint>;
-    using Whitelist_t = std::unordered_set<llarp::service::Address, llarp::service::Address::Hash>;
+    using Whitelist_t = std::unordered_set<llarp::service::Address>;
 
     explicit EndpointAuthRPC(
         std::string url,
diff --git a/llarp/service/address.hpp b/llarp/service/address.hpp
index aed9a1c79..31f15cb76 100644
--- a/llarp/service/address.hpp
+++ b/llarp/service/address.hpp
@@ -89,15 +89,6 @@ namespace llarp
       {
         return RouterID(as_array());
       }
-
-      struct Hash
-      {
-        size_t
-        operator()(const Address& buf) const
-        {
-          return std::accumulate(buf.begin(), buf.end(), 0, std::bit_xor<size_t>());
-        }
-      };
     };
 
   }  // namespace service
@@ -111,7 +102,7 @@ namespace std
     size_t
     operator()(const llarp::service::Address& addr) const
     {
-      return llarp::service::Address::Hash{}(addr);
+      return std::accumulate(addr.begin(), addr.end(), 0, std::bit_xor{});
     }
   };
 }  // namespace std
diff --git a/llarp/service/endpoint.cpp b/llarp/service/endpoint.cpp
index 6d958550e..ba37c6260 100644
--- a/llarp/service/endpoint.cpp
+++ b/llarp/service/endpoint.cpp
@@ -958,14 +958,14 @@ namespace llarp
     bool
     Endpoint::ProcessDataMessage(std::shared_ptr<ProtocolMessage> msg)
     {
-      if ((msg->proto == eProtocolExit
+      if ((msg->proto == ProtocolType::Exit
            && (m_state->m_ExitEnabled || m_ExitMap.ContainsValue(msg->sender.Addr())))
-          || msg->proto == eProtocolTrafficV4 || msg->proto == eProtocolTrafficV6)
+          || msg->proto == ProtocolType::TrafficV4 || msg->proto == ProtocolType::TrafficV6)
       {
         m_InboundTrafficQueue.tryPushBack(std::move(msg));
         return true;
       }
-      if (msg->proto == eProtocolControl)
+      if (msg->proto == ProtocolType::Control)
       {
         // TODO: implement me (?)
         // right now it's just random noise
@@ -1014,7 +1014,7 @@ namespace llarp
         msg.PutBuffer(reason);
         f.N.Randomize();
         f.C.Zero();
-        msg.proto = eProtocolAuth;
+        msg.proto = ProtocolType::Auth;
         if (not GetReplyIntroFor(tag, msg.introReply))
         {
           LogError("Failed to send auth reply: no reply intro");
@@ -1252,7 +1252,7 @@ namespace llarp
                 return false;
               pkt.UpdateIPv4Address(src, dst);
               /// TODO: V6
-              return HandleInboundPacket(tag, pkt.ConstBuffer(), eProtocolTrafficV4, 0);
+              return HandleInboundPacket(tag, pkt.ConstBuffer(), ProtocolType::TrafficV4, 0);
             },
             Router(),
             numDesiredPaths,
@@ -1294,31 +1294,25 @@ namespace llarp
 
     void Endpoint::Pump(llarp_time_t)
     {
-      const auto& sessions = m_state->m_SNodeSessions;
-      auto& queue = m_InboundTrafficQueue;
-
-      auto epPump = [&]() {
-        FlushRecvData();
-        // send downstream packets to user for snode
-        for (const auto& item : sessions)
-          item.second.first->FlushDownstream();
-        // send downstream traffic to user for hidden service
-        while (not queue.empty())
-        {
-          auto msg = queue.popFront();
-          const llarp_buffer_t buf(msg->payload);
-          HandleInboundPacket(msg->tag, buf, msg->proto, msg->seqno);
-        }
-      };
+      FlushRecvData();
+      // send downstream packets to user for snode
+      for (const auto& [router, session] : m_state->m_SNodeSessions)
+        session.first->FlushDownstream();
+      // send downstream traffic to user for hidden service
+      while (not m_InboundTrafficQueue.empty())
+      {
+        auto msg = m_InboundTrafficQueue.popFront();
+        const llarp_buffer_t buf(msg->payload);
+        HandleInboundPacket(msg->tag, buf, msg->proto, msg->seqno);
+      }
 
-      epPump();
       auto router = Router();
       // TODO: locking on this container
-      for (const auto& item : m_state->m_RemoteSessions)
-        item.second->FlushUpstream();
+      for (const auto& [addr, outctx] : m_state->m_RemoteSessions)
+        outctx->FlushUpstream();
       // TODO: locking on this container
-      for (const auto& item : sessions)
-        item.second.first->FlushUpstream();
+      for (const auto& [router, session] : m_state->m_SNodeSessions)
+        session.first->FlushUpstream();
 
       // send queue flush
       while (not m_SendQueue.empty())
@@ -1332,17 +1326,6 @@ namespace llarp
       router->linkManager().PumpLinks();
     }
 
-    bool
-    Endpoint::EnsureConvo(
-        const AlignedBuffer<32> /*addr*/, bool snode, ConvoEventListener_ptr /*ev*/)
-    {
-      if (snode)
-      {}
-
-      // TODO: something meaningful
-      return false;
-    }
-
     std::optional<ConvoTag>
     Endpoint::GetBestConvoTagForService(Address remote) const
     {
diff --git a/llarp/service/endpoint.hpp b/llarp/service/endpoint.hpp
index 12e5d3567..cabde8dc9 100644
--- a/llarp/service/endpoint.hpp
+++ b/llarp/service/endpoint.hpp
@@ -247,9 +247,6 @@ namespace llarp
       void
       HandlePathBuilt(path::Path_ptr path) override;
 
-      bool
-      EnsureConvo(const AlignedBuffer<32> addr, bool snode, ConvoEventListener_ptr ev);
-
       bool
       SendTo(ConvoTag tag, const llarp_buffer_t& pkt, ProtocolType t);
 
@@ -445,7 +442,7 @@ namespace llarp
       bool m_PublishIntroSet = true;
       std::unique_ptr<EndpointState> m_state;
       std::shared_ptr<IAuthPolicy> m_AuthPolicy;
-      std::unordered_map<Address, AuthInfo, Address::Hash> m_RemoteAuthInfos;
+      std::unordered_map<Address, AuthInfo> m_RemoteAuthInfos;
 
       /// (lns name, optional exit range, optional auth info) for looking up on startup
       std::unordered_map<std::string, std::pair<std::optional<IPRange>, std::optional<AuthInfo>>>
@@ -466,7 +463,7 @@ namespace llarp
       const IntroSet& introSet() const;
       IntroSet&       introSet();
 
-      using ConvoMap = std::unordered_map< ConvoTag, Session, ConvoTag::Hash >;
+      using ConvoMap = std::unordered_map<ConvoTag, Session>;
       const ConvoMap& Sessions() const;
       ConvoMap&       Sessions();
       // clang-format on
diff --git a/llarp/service/endpoint_state.hpp b/llarp/service/endpoint_state.hpp
index 9bae738b9..f33e848b7 100644
--- a/llarp/service/endpoint_state.hpp
+++ b/llarp/service/endpoint_state.hpp
@@ -43,10 +43,10 @@ namespace llarp
 
       SNodeSessions m_SNodeSessions;
 
-      std::unordered_multimap<Address, PathEnsureHook, Address::Hash> m_PendingServiceLookups;
-      std::unordered_map<Address, llarp_time_t, Address::Hash> m_LastServiceLookupTimes;
+      std::unordered_multimap<Address, PathEnsureHook> m_PendingServiceLookups;
+      std::unordered_map<Address, llarp_time_t> m_LastServiceLookupTimes;
 
-      std::unordered_map<RouterID, uint32_t, RouterID::Hash> m_ServiceLookupFails;
+      std::unordered_map<RouterID, uint32_t> m_ServiceLookupFails;
 
       PendingRouters m_PendingRouters;
 
diff --git a/llarp/service/endpoint_types.hpp b/llarp/service/endpoint_types.hpp
index 07be14333..7eee10a68 100644
--- a/llarp/service/endpoint_types.hpp
+++ b/llarp/service/endpoint_types.hpp
@@ -30,26 +30,25 @@ namespace llarp
     using SendMessageQueue_t = thread::Queue<SendEvent_t>;
 
     using PendingBufferQueue = std::deque<PendingBuffer>;
-    using PendingTraffic = std::unordered_map<Address, PendingBufferQueue, Address::Hash>;
+    using PendingTraffic = std::unordered_map<Address, PendingBufferQueue>;
 
     using ProtocolMessagePtr = std::shared_ptr<ProtocolMessage>;
     using RecvPacketQueue_t = thread::Queue<ProtocolMessagePtr>;
 
-    using PendingRouters = std::unordered_map<RouterID, RouterLookupJob, RouterID::Hash>;
+    using PendingRouters = std::unordered_map<RouterID, RouterLookupJob>;
 
     using PendingLookups = std::unordered_map<uint64_t, std::unique_ptr<IServiceLookup>>;
 
-    using Sessions =
-        std::unordered_multimap<Address, std::shared_ptr<OutboundContext>, Address::Hash>;
+    using Sessions = std::unordered_multimap<Address, std::shared_ptr<OutboundContext>>;
 
     using SNodeSessionValue = std::pair<std::shared_ptr<exit::BaseSession>, ConvoTag>;
 
-    using SNodeSessions = std::unordered_multimap<RouterID, SNodeSessionValue, RouterID::Hash>;
+    using SNodeSessions = std::unordered_multimap<RouterID, SNodeSessionValue>;
 
-    using ConvoMap = std::unordered_map<ConvoTag, Session, ConvoTag::Hash>;
+    using ConvoMap = std::unordered_map<ConvoTag, Session>;
 
     /// set of outbound addresses to maintain to
-    using OutboundSessions_t = std::unordered_set<Address, Address::Hash>;
+    using OutboundSessions_t = std::unordered_set<Address>;
 
     using PathEnsureHook = std::function<void(Address, OutboundContext*)>;
 
diff --git a/llarp/service/handler.hpp b/llarp/service/handler.hpp
index f5c3528e6..d4d39370d 100644
--- a/llarp/service/handler.hpp
+++ b/llarp/service/handler.hpp
@@ -12,7 +12,8 @@ namespace llarp
 {
   namespace service
   {
-    using ConvoTag = AlignedBuffer<16>;
+    struct ConvoTag final : AlignedBuffer<16>
+    {};
     struct ProtocolMessage;
 
     struct RecvDataEvent
diff --git a/llarp/service/intro.hpp b/llarp/service/intro.hpp
index 936af0738..1fa5fd790 100644
--- a/llarp/service/intro.hpp
+++ b/llarp/service/intro.hpp
@@ -70,15 +70,6 @@ namespace llarp
       {
         return pathID != other.pathID || router != other.router;
       }
-
-      struct Hash
-      {
-        size_t
-        operator()(const Introduction& i) const
-        {
-          return PubKey::Hash()(i.router) ^ PathID_t::Hash()(i.pathID);
-        }
-      };
     };
 
     inline std::ostream&
@@ -88,3 +79,16 @@ namespace llarp
     }
   }  // namespace service
 }  // namespace llarp
+
+namespace std
+{
+  template <>
+  struct hash<llarp::service::Introduction>
+  {
+    size_t
+    operator()(const llarp::service::Introduction& i) const
+    {
+      return std::hash<llarp::PubKey>{}(i.router) ^ std::hash<llarp::PathID_t>{}(i.pathID);
+    }
+  };
+}  // namespace std
diff --git a/llarp/service/outbound_context.cpp b/llarp/service/outbound_context.cpp
index 86369bddb..ad6a83e14 100644
--- a/llarp/service/outbound_context.cpp
+++ b/llarp/service/outbound_context.cpp
@@ -327,7 +327,7 @@ namespace llarp
             Encrypted<64> tmp;
             tmp.Randomize();
             llarp_buffer_t buf(tmp.data(), tmp.size());
-            AsyncEncryptAndSendTo(buf, eProtocolControl);
+            AsyncEncryptAndSendTo(buf, ProtocolType::Control);
           }
         }
       }
@@ -549,7 +549,7 @@ namespace llarp
           ProtocolMessage msg{};
           if (frame.DecryptPayloadInto(sessionKey, msg))
           {
-            if (msg.proto == eProtocolAuth and not msg.payload.empty())
+            if (msg.proto == ProtocolType::Auth and not msg.payload.empty())
             {
               result.reason = std::string{
                   reinterpret_cast<const char*>(msg.payload.data()), msg.payload.size()};
@@ -572,7 +572,7 @@ namespace llarp
         authResultListener = nullptr;
         hook = [handler](std::shared_ptr<ProtocolMessage> msg) {
           AuthResult result{AuthResultCode::eAuthAccepted, "OK"};
-          if (msg->proto == eProtocolAuth and not msg->payload.empty())
+          if (msg->proto == ProtocolType::Auth and not msg->payload.empty())
           {
             result.reason = std::string{
                 reinterpret_cast<const char*>(msg->payload.data()), msg->payload.size()};
@@ -603,7 +603,7 @@ namespace llarp
     void
     OutboundContext::SendPacketToRemote(const llarp_buffer_t& buf)
     {
-      AsyncEncryptAndSendTo(buf, eProtocolExit);
+      AsyncEncryptAndSendTo(buf, ProtocolType::Exit);
     }
 
   }  // namespace service
diff --git a/llarp/service/outbound_context.hpp b/llarp/service/outbound_context.hpp
index af9896463..570f70f7d 100644
--- a/llarp/service/outbound_context.hpp
+++ b/llarp/service/outbound_context.hpp
@@ -135,7 +135,7 @@ namespace llarp
       uint64_t m_UpdateIntrosetTX = 0;
       IntroSet currentIntroSet;
       Introduction m_NextIntro;
-      std::unordered_map<Introduction, llarp_time_t, Introduction::Hash> m_BadIntros;
+      std::unordered_map<Introduction, llarp_time_t> m_BadIntros;
       llarp_time_t lastShift = 0s;
       uint16_t m_LookupFails = 0;
       uint16_t m_BuildFails = 0;
diff --git a/llarp/service/protocol.hpp b/llarp/service/protocol.hpp
index 51f126fac..24b56ec82 100644
--- a/llarp/service/protocol.hpp
+++ b/llarp/service/protocol.hpp
@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ namespace llarp
       ProtocolMessage(const ConvoTag& tag);
       ProtocolMessage();
       ~ProtocolMessage();
-      ProtocolType proto = eProtocolTrafficV4;
+      ProtocolType proto = ProtocolType::TrafficV4;
       llarp_time_t queued = 0s;
       std::vector<byte_t> payload;
       Introduction introReply;
diff --git a/llarp/service/protocol_type.hpp b/llarp/service/protocol_type.hpp
index 695629a34..37521c520 100644
--- a/llarp/service/protocol_type.hpp
+++ b/llarp/service/protocol_type.hpp
@@ -4,11 +4,14 @@
 
 namespace llarp::service
 {
-  using ProtocolType = uint64_t;
-
-  constexpr ProtocolType eProtocolControl = 0UL;
-  constexpr ProtocolType eProtocolTrafficV4 = 1UL;
-  constexpr ProtocolType eProtocolTrafficV6 = 2UL;
-  constexpr ProtocolType eProtocolExit = 3UL;
-  constexpr ProtocolType eProtocolAuth = 4UL;
+  // Supported protocol types; the values are given explicitly because they are specifically used
+  // when sending over the wire.
+  enum class ProtocolType : uint64_t
+  {
+    Control = 0UL,
+    TrafficV4 = 1UL,
+    TrafficV6 = 2UL,
+    Exit = 3UL,
+    Auth = 4UL,
+  };
 }  // namespace llarp::service
diff --git a/llarp/service/sendcontext.cpp b/llarp/service/sendcontext.cpp
index 6d433b642..ede6b6ff9 100644
--- a/llarp/service/sendcontext.cpp
+++ b/llarp/service/sendcontext.cpp
@@ -114,7 +114,7 @@ namespace llarp
       {
         // send auth message
         const llarp_buffer_t authdata{maybe->token};
-        AsyncGenIntro(authdata, eProtocolAuth);
+        AsyncGenIntro(authdata, ProtocolType::Auth);
         authResultListener = resultHandler;
       }
       else
@@ -134,7 +134,7 @@ namespace llarp
       {
         // send auth message
         const llarp_buffer_t authdata(maybe->token);
-        AsyncGenIntro(authdata, eProtocolAuth);
+        AsyncGenIntro(authdata, ProtocolType::Auth);
       }
       else
       {
diff --git a/llarp/service/tag.hpp b/llarp/service/tag.hpp
index 219885af9..a4e3dba4e 100644
--- a/llarp/service/tag.hpp
+++ b/llarp/service/tag.hpp
@@ -49,8 +49,13 @@ namespace llarp
       {
         return data()[0] == 0;
       }
-
-      using Hash = AlignedBuffer<SIZE>::Hash;
     };
   }  // namespace service
 }  // namespace llarp
+
+namespace std
+{
+  template <>
+  struct hash<llarp::service::Tag> : hash<llarp::AlignedBuffer<llarp::service::Tag::SIZE>>
+  {};
+}  // namespace std
diff --git a/llarp/tooling/router_hive.hpp b/llarp/tooling/router_hive.hpp
index 5428bb790..54826a7f5 100644
--- a/llarp/tooling/router_hive.hpp
+++ b/llarp/tooling/router_hive.hpp
@@ -83,8 +83,8 @@ namespace tooling
     GetRelayRCs();
 
     std::mutex routerMutex;
-    std::unordered_map<llarp::RouterID, Context_ptr, llarp::RouterID::Hash> relays;
-    std::unordered_map<llarp::RouterID, Context_ptr, llarp::RouterID::Hash> clients;
+    std::unordered_map<llarp::RouterID, Context_ptr> relays;
+    std::unordered_map<llarp::RouterID, Context_ptr> clients;
 
     std::vector<std::thread> routerMainThreads;
 
diff --git a/llarp/util/aligned.hpp b/llarp/util/aligned.hpp
index aba9b83e7..f2507e1ba 100644
--- a/llarp/util/aligned.hpp
+++ b/llarp/util/aligned.hpp
@@ -289,18 +289,22 @@ namespace llarp
       return stream;
     }
 
-    struct Hash
-    {
-      std::size_t
-      operator()(const AlignedBuffer& buf) const noexcept
-      {
-        std::size_t h = 0;
-        std::memcpy(&h, buf.data(), sizeof(std::size_t));
-        return h;
-      }
-    };
-
    private:
     Data m_data;
   };
 }  // namespace llarp
+
+namespace std
+{
+  template <size_t sz>
+  struct hash<llarp::AlignedBuffer<sz>>
+  {
+    std::size_t
+    operator()(const llarp::AlignedBuffer<sz>& buf) const noexcept
+    {
+      std::size_t h = 0;
+      std::memcpy(&h, buf.data(), sizeof(std::size_t));
+      return h;
+    }
+  };
+}  // namespace std
diff --git a/llarp/util/bencode.hpp b/llarp/util/bencode.hpp
index c7bebbcbc..48c977ee3 100644
--- a/llarp/util/bencode.hpp
+++ b/llarp/util/bencode.hpp
@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@
 #include <llarp/util/logging/logger.hpp>
 #include "mem.hpp"
 
+#include <type_traits>
 #include <fstream>
 #include <set>
 #include <vector>
@@ -41,7 +42,12 @@ namespace llarp
   bool
   BEncodeWriteDictInt(const char* k, const Int_t& i, llarp_buffer_t* buf)
   {
-    return bencode_write_bytestring(buf, k, 1) && bencode_write_uint64(buf, i);
+    if (!bencode_write_bytestring(buf, k, 1))
+      return false;
+    if constexpr (std::is_enum_v<Int_t>)
+      return bencode_write_uint64(buf, static_cast<std::underlying_type_t<Int_t>>(i));
+    else
+      return bencode_write_uint64(buf, i);
   }
 
   template <typename List_t>
@@ -92,7 +98,7 @@ namespace llarp
         return false;
       }
 
-      i = Int_t(read_i);
+      i = static_cast<Int_t>(read_i);
       read = true;
     }
     return true;
diff --git a/llarp/util/decaying_hashset.hpp b/llarp/util/decaying_hashset.hpp
index a941440f5..82c395ef4 100644
--- a/llarp/util/decaying_hashset.hpp
+++ b/llarp/util/decaying_hashset.hpp
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ namespace llarp
 {
   namespace util
   {
-    template <typename Val_t, typename Hash_t = typename Val_t::Hash>
+    template <typename Val_t, typename Hash_t = std::hash<Val_t>>
     struct DecayingHashSet
     {
       using Time_t = std::chrono::milliseconds;
diff --git a/llarp/util/decaying_hashtable.hpp b/llarp/util/decaying_hashtable.hpp
index 2f7ea7c03..09fc1c787 100644
--- a/llarp/util/decaying_hashtable.hpp
+++ b/llarp/util/decaying_hashtable.hpp
@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@
 
 namespace llarp::util
 {
-  template <typename Key_t, typename Value_t, typename Hash_t = typename Key_t::Hash>
+  template <typename Key_t, typename Value_t, typename Hash_t = std::hash<Key_t>>
   struct DecayingHashTable
   {
     DecayingHashTable(std::chrono::milliseconds cacheInterval = 1h) : m_CacheInterval(cacheInterval)
diff --git a/pybind/llarp/context.cpp b/pybind/llarp/context.cpp
index 6ebcf97d4..7fb369468 100644
--- a/pybind/llarp/context.cpp
+++ b/pybind/llarp/context.cpp
@@ -1,8 +1,9 @@
 #include <common.hpp>
 #include <llarp.hpp>
 #include <llarp/tooling/hive_context.hpp>
-#include <llarp/router/router.cpp>
+#include <llarp/router/router.hpp>
 #include <llarp/handlers/pyhandler.hpp>
+#include "service/protocol_type.hpp"
 namespace llarp
 {
   void
@@ -28,7 +29,8 @@ namespace llarp
               std::vector<byte_t> buf;
               buf.resize(pkt.size());
               std::copy_n(pkt.c_str(), pkt.size(), buf.data());
-              return ep and ep->SendToServiceOrQueue(to, std::move(buf), service::eProtocolControl);
+              return ep
+                  and ep->SendToServiceOrQueue(to, std::move(buf), service::ProtocolType::Control);
             })
         .def(
             "AddEndpoint",
diff --git a/test/net/test_llarp_net.cpp b/test/net/test_llarp_net.cpp
index 9c504e83b..aea061bd4 100644
--- a/test/net/test_llarp_net.cpp
+++ b/test/net/test_llarp_net.cpp
@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@
 #include <net/ip.hpp>
 #include <net/ip_range.hpp>
 #include <net/net.hpp>
+#include <oxenmq/hex.h>
 
 #include <catch2/catch.hpp>
 
@@ -102,3 +103,30 @@ TEST_CASE("Bogon")
     REQUIRE_FALSE(llarp::IsIPv4Bogon(llarp::ipaddr_ipv4_bits(79, 12, 3, 4)));
   }
 }
+
+TEST_CASE("uint128_t")
+{
+    SECTION("layout")
+    {
+        llarp::uint128_t i{0x0011223f44556677ULL, 0x8899aabbc3ddeeffULL};
+        REQUIRE(oxenmq::to_hex(std::string_view{reinterpret_cast<const char*>(&i), sizeof(i)}) ==
+#ifdef __BIG_ENDIAN__
+                "0011223f445566778899aabbc3ddeeff"
+#else
+                "ffeeddc3bbaa9988776655443f221100"
+#endif
+               );
+    }
+    SECTION("ntoh")
+    {
+        llarp::uint128_t i{0x0011223f44556677ULL, 0x8899aabbc3ddeeffULL};
+        auto be = ntoh128(i);
+        REQUIRE(be == llarp::uint128_t{0xffeeddc3bbaa9988ULL, 0x776655443f221100ULL});
+    }
+    SECTION("hton")
+    {
+        llarp::uint128_t i{0x0011223f44556677ULL, 0x8899aabbc3ddeeffULL};
+        auto be = ntoh128(i);
+        REQUIRE(be == llarp::uint128_t{0xffeeddc3bbaa9988ULL, 0x776655443f221100ULL});
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/util/test_llarp_util_aligned.cpp b/test/util/test_llarp_util_aligned.cpp
index b84fa40a9..8cda24eff 100644
--- a/test/util/test_llarp_util_aligned.cpp
+++ b/test/util/test_llarp_util_aligned.cpp
@@ -162,7 +162,7 @@ TEMPLATE_LIST_TEST_CASE("AlignedBuffer", "[AlignedBuffer]", TestSizes)
 
   SECTION("TestHash")
   {
-    using Map_t = std::unordered_map<Buffer, int, typename Buffer::Hash>;
+    using Map_t = std::unordered_map<Buffer, int>;
 
     Buffer k, other_k;
     k.Randomize();