lokinet/llarp/net/ip_packet.cpp

#include "ip_packet.hpp"
#include "ip.hpp"

#include <llarp/util/buffer.hpp>
#include <llarp/util/endian.hpp>
#include <llarp/util/mem.hpp>
#include <llarp/util/str.hpp>
#ifndef _WIN32
#include <netinet/in.h>
#endif

#include <algorithm>
#include <map>

constexpr uint32_t ipv6_flowlabel_mask = 0b0000'0000'0000'1111'1111'1111'1111'1111;

void
ipv6_header::FlowLabel(llarp::nuint32_t label)
{
  // the ipv6 flow label is the last 20 bits in the first 32 bits of the header
  preamble.flowlabel =
      (htonl(ipv6_flowlabel_mask) & label.n) | (preamble.flowlabel & htonl(~ipv6_flowlabel_mask));
}

llarp::nuint32_t
ipv6_header::FlowLabel() const
{
  return llarp::nuint32_t{preamble.flowlabel & htonl(ipv6_flowlabel_mask)};
}

namespace llarp
{
  namespace net
  {
    std::string
    IPProtocolName(IPProtocol proto)
    {
      if (const auto* ent = ::getprotobynumber(static_cast<uint8_t>(proto)))
      {
        return ent->p_name;
      }
      throw std::invalid_argument{
          "cannot determine protocol name for ip proto '" + std::to_string(static_cast<int>(proto))
          + "'"};
    }

    IPProtocol
    ParseIPProtocol(std::string data)
    {
      if (const auto* ent = ::getprotobyname(data.c_str()))
      {
        return static_cast<IPProtocol>(ent->p_proto);
      }
      if (starts_with(data, "0x"))
      {
        if (const int intVal = std::stoi(data.substr(2), nullptr, 16); intVal > 0)
          return static_cast<IPProtocol>(intVal);
      }
      throw std::invalid_argument{"no such ip protocol: '" + data + "'"};
    }

    inline static uint32_t*
    in6_uint32_ptr(in6_addr& addr)
    {
      return (uint32_t*)addr.s6_addr;
    }

    inline static const uint32_t*
    in6_uint32_ptr(const in6_addr& addr)
    {
      return (uint32_t*)addr.s6_addr;
    }

    huint128_t
    IPPacket::srcv6() const
    {
      if (IsV6())
        return In6ToHUInt(HeaderV6()->srcaddr);

      return ExpandV4(srcv4());
    }

    huint128_t
    IPPacket::dstv6() const
    {
      if (IsV6())
        return In6ToHUInt(HeaderV6()->dstaddr);

      return ExpandV4(dstv4());
    }

    bool
    IPPacket::Load(const llarp_buffer_t& pkt)
    {
      if (pkt.sz > sizeof(buf) or pkt.sz == 0)
        return false;
      sz = pkt.sz;
      std::copy_n(pkt.base, sz, buf);
      return true;
    }

    ManagedBuffer
    IPPacket::ConstBuffer() const
    {
      const byte_t* ptr = buf;
      llarp_buffer_t b(ptr, sz);
      return ManagedBuffer(b);
    }

    ManagedBuffer
    IPPacket::Buffer()
    {
      byte_t* ptr = buf;
      llarp_buffer_t b(ptr, sz);
      return ManagedBuffer(b);
    }

    std::optional<nuint16_t>
    IPPacket::DstPort() const
    {
      switch (IPProtocol{Header()->protocol})
      {
        case IPProtocol::TCP:
        case IPProtocol::UDP:
          return nuint16_t{*reinterpret_cast<const uint16_t*>(buf + (Header()->ihl * 4) + 2)};
        default:
          return std::nullopt;
      }
    }

    huint32_t
    IPPacket::srcv4() const
    {
      return huint32_t{ntohl(Header()->saddr)};
    }

    huint32_t
    IPPacket::dstv4() const
    {
      return huint32_t{ntohl(Header()->daddr)};
    }

    huint128_t
    IPPacket::dst4to6() const
    {
      return ExpandV4(dstv4());
    }

    huint128_t
    IPPacket::src4to6() const
    {
      return ExpandV4(srcv4());
    }

    huint128_t
    IPPacket::dst4to6Lan() const
    {
      return ExpandV4Lan(dstv4());
    }

    huint128_t
    IPPacket::src4to6Lan() const
    {
      return ExpandV4Lan(srcv4());
    }

    uint16_t
    ipchksum(const byte_t* buf, size_t sz, uint32_t sum)
    {
      while (sz > 1)
      {
        sum += *(const uint16_t*)buf;
        sz -= sizeof(uint16_t);
        buf += sizeof(uint16_t);
      }
      if (sz != 0)
      {
        uint16_t x = 0;

        *(byte_t*)&x = *(const byte_t*)buf;
        sum += x;
      }

      // only need to do it 2 times to be sure
      // proof: 0xFFff + 0xFFff = 0x1FFfe -> 0xFFff
      sum = (sum & 0xFFff) + (sum >> 16);
      sum += sum >> 16;

      return uint16_t((~sum) & 0xFFff);
    }

#define ADD32CS(x) ((uint32_t)(x & 0xFFff) + (uint32_t)(x >> 16))
#define SUB32CS(x) ((uint32_t)((~x) & 0xFFff) + (uint32_t)((~x) >> 16))

    static nuint16_t
    deltaIPv4Checksum(
        nuint16_t old_sum,
        nuint32_t old_src_ip,
        nuint32_t old_dst_ip,
        nuint32_t new_src_ip,
        nuint32_t new_dst_ip)
    {
      uint32_t sum = uint32_t(old_sum.n) + ADD32CS(old_src_ip.n) + ADD32CS(old_dst_ip.n)
          + SUB32CS(new_src_ip.n) + SUB32CS(new_dst_ip.n);

      // only need to do it 2 times to be sure
      // proof: 0xFFff + 0xFFff = 0x1FFfe -> 0xFFff
      sum = (sum & 0xFFff) + (sum >> 16);
      sum += sum >> 16;

      return nuint16_t{uint16_t(sum & 0xFFff)};
    }

    static nuint16_t
    deltaIPv6Checksum(
        nuint16_t old_sum,
        const uint32_t old_src_ip[4],
        const uint32_t old_dst_ip[4],
        const uint32_t new_src_ip[4],
        const uint32_t new_dst_ip[4])
    {
      /* we don't actually care in what way integers are arranged in memory
       * internally */
      /* as long as uint16 pairs are swapped in correct direction, result will
       * be correct (assuming there are no gaps in structure) */
      /* we represent 128bit stuff there as 4 32bit ints, that should be more or
       * less correct */
      /* we could do 64bit ints too but then we couldn't reuse 32bit macros and
       * that'd suck for 32bit cpus */
#define ADDN128CS(x) (ADD32CS(x[0]) + ADD32CS(x[1]) + ADD32CS(x[2]) + ADD32CS(x[3]))
#define SUBN128CS(x) (SUB32CS(x[0]) + SUB32CS(x[1]) + SUB32CS(x[2]) + SUB32CS(x[3]))
      uint32_t sum = uint32_t(old_sum.n) + ADDN128CS(old_src_ip) + ADDN128CS(old_dst_ip)
          + SUBN128CS(new_src_ip) + SUBN128CS(new_dst_ip);
#undef ADDN128CS
#undef SUBN128CS

      // only need to do it 2 times to be sure
      // proof: 0xFFff + 0xFFff = 0x1FFfe -> 0xFFff
      sum = (sum & 0xFFff) + (sum >> 16);
      sum += sum >> 16;

      return nuint16_t{uint16_t(sum & 0xFFff)};
    }

#undef ADD32CS
#undef SUB32CS

    static void
    deltaChecksumIPv4TCP(
        byte_t* pld,
        size_t psz,
        size_t fragoff,
        size_t chksumoff,
        nuint32_t oSrcIP,
        nuint32_t oDstIP,
        nuint32_t nSrcIP,
        nuint32_t nDstIP)
    {
      if (fragoff > chksumoff || psz < chksumoff - fragoff + 2)
        return;

      auto check = (nuint16_t*)(pld + chksumoff - fragoff);

      *check = deltaIPv4Checksum(*check, oSrcIP, oDstIP, nSrcIP, nDstIP);
      // usually, TCP checksum field cannot be 0xFFff,
      // because one's complement addition cannot result in 0x0000,
      // and there's inversion in the end;
      // emulate that.
      if (check->n == 0xFFff)
        check->n = 0x0000;
    }

    static void
    deltaChecksumIPv6TCP(
        byte_t* pld,
        size_t psz,
        size_t fragoff,
        size_t chksumoff,
        const uint32_t oSrcIP[4],
        const uint32_t oDstIP[4],
        const uint32_t nSrcIP[4],
        const uint32_t nDstIP[4])
    {
      if (fragoff > chksumoff || psz < chksumoff - fragoff + 2)
        return;

      auto check = (nuint16_t*)(pld + chksumoff - fragoff);

      *check = deltaIPv6Checksum(*check, oSrcIP, oDstIP, nSrcIP, nDstIP);
      // usually, TCP checksum field cannot be 0xFFff,
      // because one's complement addition cannot result in 0x0000,
      // and there's inversion in the end;
      // emulate that.
      if (check->n == 0xFFff)
        check->n = 0x0000;
    }

    static void
    deltaChecksumIPv4UDP(
        byte_t* pld,
        size_t psz,
        size_t fragoff,
        nuint32_t oSrcIP,
        nuint32_t oDstIP,
        nuint32_t nSrcIP,
        nuint32_t nDstIP)
    {
      if (fragoff > 6 || psz < 6 + 2)
        return;

      auto check = (nuint16_t*)(pld + 6);
      if (check->n == 0x0000)
        return;  // 0 is used to indicate "no checksum", don't change

      *check = deltaIPv4Checksum(*check, oSrcIP, oDstIP, nSrcIP, nDstIP);
      // 0 is used to indicate "no checksum"
      // 0xFFff and 0 are equivalent in one's complement math
      // 0xFFff + 1 = 0x10000 -> 0x0001 (same as 0 + 1)
      // infact it's impossible to get 0 with such addition,
      // when starting from non-0 value.
      // inside deltachksum we don't invert so it's safe to skip check there
      // if(check->n == 0x0000)
      //   check->n = 0xFFff;
    }

    static void
    deltaChecksumIPv6UDP(
        byte_t* pld,
        size_t psz,
        size_t fragoff,
        const uint32_t oSrcIP[4],
        const uint32_t oDstIP[4],
        const uint32_t nSrcIP[4],
        const uint32_t nDstIP[4])
    {
      if (fragoff > 6 || psz < 6 + 2)
        return;

      auto check = (nuint16_t*)(pld + 6);
      // 0 is used to indicate "no checksum", don't change
      // even tho this shouldn't happen for IPv6, handle it properly
      // we actually should drop/log 0-checksum packets per spec
      // but that should be done at upper level than this function
      // it's better to do correct thing there regardless
      // XXX or maybe we should change this function to be able to return error?
      // either way that's not a priority
      if (check->n == 0x0000)
        return;

      *check = deltaIPv6Checksum(*check, oSrcIP, oDstIP, nSrcIP, nDstIP);
      // 0 is used to indicate "no checksum"
      // 0xFFff and 0 are equivalent in one's complement math
      // 0xFFff + 1 = 0x10000 -> 0x0001 (same as 0 + 1)
      // infact it's impossible to get 0 with such addition,
      // when starting from non-0 value.
      // inside deltachksum we don't invert so it's safe to skip check there
      // if(check->n == 0x0000)
      //   check->n = 0xFFff;
    }

    void
    IPPacket::UpdateIPv4Address(nuint32_t nSrcIP, nuint32_t nDstIP)
    {
      llarp::LogDebug("set src=", nSrcIP, " dst=", nDstIP);

      auto hdr = Header();

      auto oSrcIP = nuint32_t{hdr->saddr};
      auto oDstIP = nuint32_t{hdr->daddr};

      // L4 checksum
      auto ihs = size_t(hdr->ihl * 4);
      if (ihs <= sz)
      {
        auto pld = buf + ihs;
        auto psz = sz - ihs;

        auto fragoff = size_t((ntohs(hdr->frag_off) & 0x1Fff) * 8);

        switch (hdr->protocol)
        {
          case 6:  // TCP
            deltaChecksumIPv4TCP(pld, psz, fragoff, 16, oSrcIP, oDstIP, nSrcIP, nDstIP);
            break;
          case 17:   // UDP
          case 136:  // UDP-Lite - same checksum place, same 0->0xFFff condition
            deltaChecksumIPv4UDP(pld, psz, fragoff, oSrcIP, oDstIP, nSrcIP, nDstIP);
            break;
          case 33:  // DCCP
            deltaChecksumIPv4TCP(pld, psz, fragoff, 6, oSrcIP, oDstIP, nSrcIP, nDstIP);
            break;
        }
      }

      // IPv4 checksum
      auto v4chk = (nuint16_t*)&(hdr->check);
      *v4chk = deltaIPv4Checksum(*v4chk, oSrcIP, oDstIP, nSrcIP, nDstIP);

      // write new IP addresses
      hdr->saddr = nSrcIP.n;
      hdr->daddr = nDstIP.n;
    }

    void
    IPPacket::UpdateIPv6Address(huint128_t src, huint128_t dst, std::optional<nuint32_t> flowlabel)
    {
      const size_t ihs = 4 + 4 + 16 + 16;

      // XXX should've been checked at upper level?
      if (sz <= ihs)
        return;

      auto hdr = HeaderV6();
      if (flowlabel.has_value())
      {
        // set flow label if desired
        hdr->FlowLabel(*flowlabel);
      }

      const auto oldSrcIP = hdr->srcaddr;
      const auto oldDstIP = hdr->dstaddr;
      const uint32_t* oSrcIP = in6_uint32_ptr(oldSrcIP);
      const uint32_t* oDstIP = in6_uint32_ptr(oldDstIP);

      // IPv6 address
      hdr->srcaddr = HUIntToIn6(src);
      hdr->dstaddr = HUIntToIn6(dst);
      const uint32_t* nSrcIP = in6_uint32_ptr(hdr->srcaddr);
      const uint32_t* nDstIP = in6_uint32_ptr(hdr->dstaddr);

      // TODO IPv6 header options
      auto pld = buf + ihs;
      auto psz = sz - ihs;

      size_t fragoff = 0;
      auto nextproto = hdr->proto;
      for (;;)
      {
        switch (nextproto)
        {
          case 0:   // Hop-by-Hop Options
          case 43:  // Routing Header
          case 60:  // Destination Options
          {
            nextproto = pld[0];
            auto addlen = (size_t(pld[1]) + 1) * 8;
            if (psz < addlen)
              return;
            pld += addlen;
            psz -= addlen;
            break;
          }

          case 44:  // Fragment Header
            /*
   +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
   |  Next Header  |   Reserved    |      Fragment Offset    |Res|M|
   +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
   |                         Identification                        |
   +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
             */
            nextproto = pld[0];
            fragoff = (uint16_t(pld[2]) << 8) | (uint16_t(pld[3]) & 0xFC);
            if (psz < 8)
              return;
            pld += 8;
            psz -= 8;

            // jump straight to payload processing
            if (fragoff != 0)
              goto endprotohdrs;
            break;

          default:
            goto endprotohdrs;
        }
      }
    endprotohdrs:

      switch (nextproto)
      {
        case 6:  // TCP
          deltaChecksumIPv6TCP(pld, psz, fragoff, 16, oSrcIP, oDstIP, nSrcIP, nDstIP);
          break;
        case 17:   // UDP
        case 136:  // UDP-Lite - same checksum place, same 0->0xFFff condition
          deltaChecksumIPv6UDP(pld, psz, fragoff, oSrcIP, oDstIP, nSrcIP, nDstIP);
          break;
        case 33:  // DCCP
          deltaChecksumIPv6TCP(pld, psz, fragoff, 6, oSrcIP, oDstIP, nSrcIP, nDstIP);
          break;
      }
    }

    void
    IPPacket::ZeroAddresses(std::optional<nuint32_t> flowlabel)
    {
      if (IsV4())
      {
        UpdateIPv4Address({0}, {0});
      }
      else if (IsV6())
      {
        UpdateIPv6Address({0}, {0}, flowlabel);
      }
    }

    void
    IPPacket::ZeroSourceAddress(std::optional<nuint32_t> flowlabel)
    {
      if (IsV4())
      {
        UpdateIPv4Address({0}, xhtonl(dstv4()));
      }
      else if (IsV6())
      {
        UpdateIPv6Address({0}, dstv6(), flowlabel);
      }
    }

    std::optional<IPPacket>
    IPPacket::MakeICMPUnreachable() const
    {
      if (IsV4())
      {
        constexpr auto icmp_Header_size = 8;
        constexpr auto ip_Header_size = 20;
        net::IPPacket pkt{};
        auto* pkt_Header = pkt.Header();

        pkt_Header->version = 4;
        pkt_Header->ihl = 0x05;
        pkt_Header->tos = 0;
        pkt_Header->check = 0;
        pkt_Header->tot_len = ntohs(icmp_Header_size + ip_Header_size);
        pkt_Header->saddr = Header()->daddr;
        pkt_Header->daddr = Header()->saddr;
        pkt_Header->protocol = 1;  // ICMP
        pkt_Header->ttl = 1;
        pkt_Header->frag_off = htons(0b0100000000000000);
        // size pf ip header
        const size_t l3_HeaderSize = Header()->ihl * 4;
        // size of l4 packet to reflect back
        const size_t l4_PacketSize = 8;
        pkt_Header->tot_len += ntohs(l4_PacketSize + l3_HeaderSize);

        uint16_t* checksum;
        uint8_t* itr = pkt.buf + (pkt_Header->ihl * 4);
        uint8_t* icmp_begin = itr;  // type 'destination unreachable'
        *itr++ = 3;
        // code	'Destination host unknown error'
        *itr++ = 7;
        // checksum + unused
        htobe32buf(itr, 0);
        checksum = (uint16_t*)itr;
        itr += 4;
        // next hop mtu is ignored but let's put something here anyways just in case tm
        htobe16buf(itr, 1500);
        itr += 2;
        // copy ip header and first 8 bytes of datagram for icmp rject
        std::copy_n(buf, l4_PacketSize + l3_HeaderSize, itr);
        itr += l4_PacketSize + l3_HeaderSize;
        // calculate checksum of ip header
        pkt_Header->check = ipchksum(pkt.buf, pkt_Header->ihl * 4);
        const auto icmp_size = std::distance(icmp_begin, itr);
        // calculate icmp checksum
        *checksum = ipchksum(icmp_begin, icmp_size);
        pkt.sz = ntohs(pkt_Header->tot_len);
        return pkt;
      }
      return std::nullopt;
    }

    IPPacket
    IPPacket::UDP(
        nuint32_t srcaddr,
        nuint16_t srcport,
        nuint32_t dstaddr,
        nuint16_t dstport,
        const llarp_buffer_t& buf)
    {
      net::IPPacket pkt;

      if (buf.sz + 28 > sizeof(pkt.buf))
      {
        pkt.sz = 0;
        return pkt;
      }
      auto* hdr = pkt.Header();
      pkt.buf[1] = 0;
      hdr->version = 4;
      hdr->ihl = 5;
      hdr->tot_len = htons(buf.sz + 28);
      hdr->protocol = 0x11;  // udp
      hdr->ttl = 64;
      hdr->frag_off = htons(0b0100000000000000);

      hdr->saddr = srcaddr.n;
      hdr->daddr = dstaddr.n;

      // make udp packet
      uint8_t* ptr = pkt.buf + 20;
      std::memcpy(ptr, &srcport.n, 2);
      ptr += 2;
      std::memcpy(ptr, &dstport.n, 2);
      ptr += 2;
      htobe16buf(ptr, static_cast<uint16_t>(buf.sz + 8));
      ptr += 2;
      htobe16buf(ptr, uint16_t{0});  // checksum
      ptr += 2;
      std::copy_n(buf.base, buf.sz, ptr);

      hdr->check = 0;
      hdr->check = net::ipchksum(pkt.buf, 20);
      pkt.sz = 28 + buf.sz;
      return pkt;
    }

  }  // namespace net
}  // namespace llarp