diff --git a/release/loggen.py b/release/loggen.py
index 90ecdd9a..955d1b88 100755
--- a/release/loggen.py
+++ b/release/loggen.py
@@ -159,6 +159,6 @@ while True:
                 fp.write(next(gen))
                 #if random.uniform(0.0, 1.0) < 0.010:
                 #    fp.truncate(0)
-            time.sleep(random.uniform(0.05, 0.10))
+            time.sleep(random.uniform(0.01, 0.02))
             #if random.uniform(0.0, 1.0) < 0.001:
             #    os.remove(fname)
diff --git a/src/base/attr_line.hh b/src/base/attr_line.hh
index dd8bc647..7def6417 100644
--- a/src/base/attr_line.hh
+++ b/src/base/attr_line.hh
@@ -501,6 +501,15 @@ public:
         return *this;
     }
 
+    attr_line_t& append_quoted(const attr_line_t& al)
+    {
+        this->al_string.append("\u201c");
+        this->append(al);
+        this->al_string.append("\u201d");
+
+        return *this;
+    }
+
     template<typename S>
     attr_line_t& append_quoted(S s)
     {
diff --git a/src/base/itertools.hh b/src/base/itertools.hh
index e57c6b31..070448b5 100644
--- a/src/base/itertools.hh
+++ b/src/base/itertools.hh
@@ -93,6 +93,16 @@ struct mapper {
     F m_func;
 };
 
+template<typename F>
+struct flat_mapper {
+    F fm_func;
+};
+
+template<typename F>
+struct for_eacher {
+    F fe_func;
+};
+
 template<typename R, typename T>
 struct folder {
     R f_func;
@@ -243,6 +253,20 @@ map(F func)
     return details::mapper<F>{func};
 }
 
+template<typename F>
+inline details::flat_mapper<F>
+flat_map(F func)
+{
+    return details::flat_mapper<F>{func};
+}
+
+template<typename F>
+inline details::for_eacher<F>
+for_each(F func)
+{
+    return details::for_eacher<F>{func};
+}
+
 inline auto
 deref()
 {
@@ -534,6 +558,36 @@ operator|(T in, const lnav::itertools::details::sorted& sorter)
     return in;
 }
 
+template<typename T,
+         typename F,
+         std::enable_if_t<lnav::func::is_invocable<F, T>::value, int> = 0>
+auto
+operator|(nonstd::optional<T> in,
+          const lnav::itertools::details::flat_mapper<F>& mapper) ->
+    typename std::remove_const_t<typename std::remove_reference_t<
+        decltype(lnav::func::invoke(mapper.fm_func, in.value()))>>
+{
+    if (!in) {
+        return nonstd::nullopt;
+    }
+
+    return lnav::func::invoke(mapper.fm_func, in.value());
+}
+
+template<typename T,
+         typename F,
+         std::enable_if_t<lnav::func::is_invocable<F, T>::value, int> = 0>
+void
+operator|(nonstd::optional<T> in,
+          const lnav::itertools::details::for_eacher<F>& eacher)
+{
+    if (!in) {
+        return;
+    }
+
+    lnav::func::invoke(eacher.fe_func, in.value());
+}
+
 template<typename T,
          typename F,
          std::enable_if_t<lnav::func::is_invocable<F, T>::value, int> = 0>
diff --git a/src/db_sub_source.cc b/src/db_sub_source.cc
index 5876a2f1..2e6b0bc9 100644
--- a/src/db_sub_source.cc
+++ b/src/db_sub_source.cc
@@ -205,6 +205,7 @@ db_label_source::push_column(const char* colstr)
         }
         if (!this->dls_time_column.empty() && tv < this->dls_time_column.back())
         {
+            this->dls_time_column_invalidated_at = this->dls_time_column.size();
             this->dls_time_column_index = -1;
             this->dls_time_column.clear();
         } else {
diff --git a/src/db_sub_source.hh b/src/db_sub_source.hh
index 6b90cbc1..720d419d 100644
--- a/src/db_sub_source.hh
+++ b/src/db_sub_source.hh
@@ -43,21 +43,20 @@ class db_label_source
     : public text_sub_source
     , public text_time_translator {
 public:
-    ~db_label_source()
-    {
-        this->clear();
-    }
+    ~db_label_source() override { this->clear(); }
 
     bool has_log_time_column() const { return !this->dls_time_column.empty(); }
 
-    size_t text_line_count() { return this->dls_rows.size(); }
+    size_t text_line_count() override { return this->dls_rows.size(); }
 
-    size_t text_size_for_line(textview_curses& tc, int line, line_flags_t flags)
+    size_t text_size_for_line(textview_curses& tc,
+                              int line,
+                              line_flags_t flags) override
     {
         return this->text_line_width(tc);
     }
 
-    size_t text_line_width(textview_curses& curses)
+    size_t text_line_width(textview_curses& curses) override
     {
         size_t retval = 0;
 
@@ -70,9 +69,11 @@ public:
     void text_value_for_line(textview_curses& tc,
                              int row,
                              std::string& label_out,
-                             line_flags_t flags);
+                             line_flags_t flags) override;
 
-    void text_attrs_for_line(textview_curses& tc, int row, string_attrs_t& sa);
+    void text_attrs_for_line(textview_curses& tc,
+                             int row,
+                             string_attrs_t& sa) override;
 
     void push_header(const std::string& colstr, int type, bool graphable);
 
@@ -83,9 +84,10 @@ public:
     nonstd::optional<size_t> column_name_to_index(
         const std::string& name) const;
 
-    nonstd::optional<vis_line_t> row_for_time(struct timeval time_bucket);
+    nonstd::optional<vis_line_t> row_for_time(
+        struct timeval time_bucket) override;
 
-    nonstd::optional<struct timeval> time_for_row(vis_line_t row)
+    nonstd::optional<struct timeval> time_for_row(vis_line_t row) override
     {
         if ((row < 0_vl) || (((size_t) row) >= this->dls_time_column.size())) {
             return nonstd::nullopt;
@@ -106,7 +108,6 @@ public:
         int hm_column_type{SQLITE3_TEXT};
         unsigned int hm_sub_type{0};
         bool hm_graphable{false};
-        bool hm_log_time{false};
         size_t hm_column_size{0};
     };
 
@@ -116,6 +117,7 @@ public:
     std::vector<struct timeval> dls_time_column;
     std::vector<size_t> dls_cell_width;
     int dls_time_column_index{-1};
+    nonstd::optional<size_t> dls_time_column_invalidated_at;
 
     static const char* NULL_STR;
 };
diff --git a/src/internals/cmd-ref.rst b/src/internals/cmd-ref.rst
index 0fb5eb9c..314d6a79 100644
--- a/src/internals/cmd-ref.rst
+++ b/src/internals/cmd-ref.rst
@@ -1240,7 +1240,7 @@
 :spectrogram *field-name*
 ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
 
-  Visualize the given message field using a spectrogram
+  Visualize the given message field or database column using a spectrogram
 
   **Parameters**
     * **field-name\*** --- The name of the numeric field to visualize.
diff --git a/src/lnav_commands.cc b/src/lnav_commands.cc
index ba1db672..d838b2bc 100644
--- a/src/lnav_commands.cc
+++ b/src/lnav_commands.cc
@@ -4410,7 +4410,7 @@ com_spectrogram(exec_context& ec,
     } else if (ec.ec_dry_run) {
         retval = "";
     } else if (args.size() == 2) {
-        std::string colname = remaining_args(cmdline, args);
+        auto colname = remaining_args(cmdline, args);
         auto& ss = *lnav_data.ld_spectro_source;
         bool found = false;
 
@@ -4422,17 +4422,17 @@ com_spectrogram(exec_context& ec,
         ss.invalidate();
 
         if (*lnav_data.ld_view_stack.top() == &lnav_data.ld_views[LNV_DB]) {
-            std::unique_ptr<db_spectro_value_source> dsvs(
-                new db_spectro_value_source(colname));
+            auto dsvs = std::make_unique<db_spectro_value_source>(colname);
 
-            if (!dsvs->dsvs_error_msg.empty()) {
-                return ec.make_error("{}", dsvs->dsvs_error_msg);
+            if (dsvs->dsvs_error_msg) {
+                return Err(
+                    dsvs->dsvs_error_msg.value().with_snippets(ec.ec_source));
             }
             ss.ss_value_source = dsvs.release();
             found = true;
         } else {
-            std::unique_ptr<log_spectro_value_source> lsvs(
-                new log_spectro_value_source(intern_string::lookup(colname)));
+            auto lsvs = std::make_unique<log_spectro_value_source>(
+                intern_string::lookup(colname));
 
             if (!lsvs->lsvs_found) {
                 return ec.make_error("unknown numeric message field -- {}",
@@ -5594,7 +5594,8 @@ readline_context::command_t STD_COMMANDS[] = {
      com_spectrogram,
 
      help_text(":spectrogram")
-         .with_summary("Visualize the given message field using a spectrogram")
+         .with_summary("Visualize the given message field or database column "
+                       "using a spectrogram")
          .with_parameter(help_text(
              "field-name", "The name of the numeric field to visualize."))
          .with_example(
@@ -5605,12 +5606,10 @@ readline_context::command_t STD_COMMANDS[] = {
 
      help_text(":quit").with_summary("Quit lnav")}};
 
-static std::unordered_map<char const*, std::vector<char const*>> aliases
-    = {{"quit", {"q", "q!"}},
-       {"write-table-to",
-        {
-            "write-cols-to",
-        }}};
+static std::unordered_map<char const*, std::vector<char const*>> aliases = {
+    {"quit", {"q", "q!"}},
+    {"write-table-to", {"write-cols-to"}},
+};
 
 void
 init_lnav_commands(readline_context::command_map_t& cmd_map)
diff --git a/src/spectro_impls.cc b/src/spectro_impls.cc
index 18903f21..cdf42658 100644
--- a/src/spectro_impls.cc
+++ b/src/spectro_impls.cc
@@ -29,6 +29,7 @@
 
 #include "spectro_impls.hh"
 
+#include "base/itertools.hh"
 #include "lnav.hh"
 #include "logfile_sub_source.hh"
 
@@ -43,40 +44,50 @@ public:
                              std::string& value_out,
                              line_flags_t flags) override
     {
-        this->fss_delegate->text_value_for_line(
-            tc, this->fss_lines[line], value_out, flags);
+        this->fss_lines | lnav::itertools::nth(line)
+            | lnav::itertools::for_each([&](const auto row) {
+                  this->fss_delegate->text_value_for_line(
+                      tc, *row, value_out, flags);
+              });
     }
 
     size_t text_size_for_line(textview_curses& tc,
                               int line,
                               line_flags_t raw) override
     {
-        return this->fss_delegate->text_size_for_line(
-            tc, this->fss_lines[line], raw);
+        return this->fss_lines | lnav::itertools::nth(line)
+            | lnav::itertools::map([&](const auto row) {
+                   return this->fss_delegate->text_size_for_line(tc, *row, raw);
+               })
+            | lnav::itertools::unwrap_or(size_t{0});
     }
 
     void text_attrs_for_line(textview_curses& tc,
                              int line,
                              string_attrs_t& value_out) override
     {
-        this->fss_delegate->text_attrs_for_line(
-            tc, this->fss_lines[line], value_out);
+        this->fss_lines | lnav::itertools::nth(line)
+            | lnav::itertools::for_each([&](const auto row) {
+                  this->fss_delegate->text_attrs_for_line(tc, *row, value_out);
+              });
     }
 
     nonstd::optional<vis_line_t> row_for_time(
         struct timeval time_bucket) override
     {
-        return dynamic_cast<text_time_translator*>(this->fss_delegate)
-            ->row_for_time(time_bucket);
+        return this->fss_time_delegate->row_for_time(time_bucket);
     }
 
     nonstd::optional<struct timeval> time_for_row(vis_line_t row) override
     {
-        return dynamic_cast<text_time_translator*>(this->fss_delegate)
-            ->time_for_row(this->fss_lines[row]);
+        return this->fss_lines | lnav::itertools::nth(row)
+            | lnav::itertools::flat_map([this](const auto row) {
+                   return this->fss_time_delegate->time_for_row(*row);
+               });
     }
 
     text_sub_source* fss_delegate;
+    text_time_translator* fss_time_delegate;
     std::vector<vis_line_t> fss_lines;
 };
 
@@ -202,6 +213,7 @@ log_spectro_value_source::spectro_row(spectrogram_request& sr,
                             .value_or(lss.text_line_count());
 
         retval->fss_delegate = &lss;
+        retval->fss_time_delegate = &lss;
         for (const auto& msg_info : lss.window_at(begin_line, end_line)) {
             const auto& ll = msg_info.get_logline();
             if (ll.get_time() >= sr.sr_end_time) {
@@ -311,36 +323,103 @@ db_spectro_value_source::update_stats()
     this->dsvs_end_time = 0;
     this->dsvs_stats.clear();
 
-    db_label_source& dls = lnav_data.ld_db_row_source;
-    stacked_bar_chart<std::string>& chart = dls.dls_chart;
+    auto& dls = lnav_data.ld_db_row_source;
+    auto& chart = dls.dls_chart;
     date_time_scanner dts;
 
     this->dsvs_column_index = dls.column_name_to_index(this->dsvs_colname);
 
     if (!dls.has_log_time_column()) {
-        this->dsvs_error_msg
-            = "no 'log_time' column found or not in ascending order, "
-              "unable to create spectrogram";
+        if (dls.dls_time_column_invalidated_at) {
+            static const auto order_by_help
+                = attr_line_t()
+                      .append(lnav::roles::keyword("ORDER BY"))
+                      .append(" ")
+                      .append(lnav::roles::variable("log_time"))
+                      .append(" ")
+                      .append(lnav::roles::keyword("ASC"));
+
+            this->dsvs_error_msg
+                = lnav::console::user_message::error(
+                      "Cannot generate spectrogram for database results")
+                      .with_reason(
+                          attr_line_t()
+                              .append("The ")
+                              .append_quoted(lnav::roles::variable("log_time"))
+                              .append(
+                                  " column is not in ascending order between "
+                                  "rows {} and {}",
+                                  dls.dls_time_column_invalidated_at.value()
+                                      - 1,
+                                  dls.dls_time_column_invalidated_at.value()))
+                      .with_note(
+                          attr_line_t("An ascending ")
+                              .append_quoted(lnav::roles::variable("log_time"))
+                              .append(
+                                  " column is needed to render a spectrogram"))
+                      .with_help(attr_line_t("Add an ")
+                                     .append_quoted(order_by_help)
+                                     .append(" clause to your ")
+                                     .append(lnav::roles::keyword("SELECT"))
+                                     .append(" statement"));
+        } else {
+            this->dsvs_error_msg
+                = lnav::console::user_message::error(
+                      "Cannot generate spectrogram for database results")
+                      .with_reason(
+                          attr_line_t()
+                              .append("No ")
+                              .append_quoted(lnav::roles::variable("log_time"))
+                              .append(" column found in the result set"))
+                      .with_note(
+                          attr_line_t("An ascending ")
+                              .append_quoted(lnav::roles::variable("log_time"))
+                              .append(
+                                  " column is needed to render a spectrogram"))
+                      .with_help(
+                          attr_line_t("Include a ")
+                              .append_quoted(lnav::roles::variable("log_time"))
+                              .append(" column in your ")
+                              .append(" statement. Use an ")
+                              .append(lnav::roles::keyword("AS"))
+                              .append(
+                                  " directive to alias a computed timestamp"));
+        }
         return;
     }
 
     if (!this->dsvs_column_index) {
-        this->dsvs_error_msg = "unknown column -- " + this->dsvs_colname;
+        this->dsvs_error_msg
+            = lnav::console::user_message::error(
+                  "Cannot generate spectrogram for database results")
+                  .with_reason(attr_line_t("unknown column -- ")
+                                   .append_quoted(lnav::roles::variable(
+                                       this->dsvs_colname)))
+                  .with_help("Expecting a numeric column to visualize");
         return;
     }
 
     if (!dls.dls_headers[this->dsvs_column_index.value()].hm_graphable) {
-        this->dsvs_error_msg = "column is not numeric -- " + this->dsvs_colname;
+        this->dsvs_error_msg
+            = lnav::console::user_message::error(
+                  "Cannot generate spectrogram for database results")
+                  .with_reason(attr_line_t()
+                                   .append_quoted(lnav::roles::variable(
+                                       this->dsvs_colname))
+                                   .append(" is not a numeric column"))
+                  .with_help("Only numeric columns can be visualized");
         return;
     }
 
     if (dls.dls_rows.empty()) {
-        this->dsvs_error_msg = "empty result set";
+        this->dsvs_error_msg
+            = lnav::console::user_message::error(
+                  "Cannot generate spectrogram for database results")
+                  .with_reason("Result set is empty");
         return;
     }
 
-    stacked_bar_chart<std::string>::bucket_stats_t bs
-        = chart.get_stats_for(this->dsvs_colname);
+    auto bs = chart.get_stats_for(this->dsvs_colname);
 
     this->dsvs_begin_time = dls.dls_time_column.front().tv_sec;
     this->dsvs_end_time = dls.dls_time_column.back().tv_sec;
@@ -392,6 +471,7 @@ db_spectro_value_source::spectro_row(spectrogram_request& sr,
         auto retval = std::make_unique<filtered_sub_source>();
 
         retval->fss_delegate = &dls;
+        retval->fss_time_delegate = &dls;
         auto begin_row = dls.row_for_time({sr.sr_begin_time, 0}).value_or(0_vl);
         auto end_row = dls.row_for_time({sr.sr_end_time, 0})
                            .value_or(dls.dls_rows.size());
diff --git a/src/spectro_impls.hh b/src/spectro_impls.hh
index 17d0369e..9d4ddeba 100644
--- a/src/spectro_impls.hh
+++ b/src/spectro_impls.hh
@@ -81,7 +81,7 @@ public:
     time_t dsvs_begin_time{0};
     time_t dsvs_end_time{0};
     nonstd::optional<size_t> dsvs_column_index;
-    std::string dsvs_error_msg;
+    nonstd::optional<lnav::console::user_message> dsvs_error_msg;
 };
 
 #endif
diff --git a/src/spectro_source.cc b/src/spectro_source.cc
index 1d331614..0183492c 100644
--- a/src/spectro_source.cc
+++ b/src/spectro_source.cc
@@ -210,24 +210,30 @@ spectrogram_source::list_value_for_overlay(const listview_curses& lv,
                 + this->ss_cursor_column.value() * sr.sr_column_size;
             auto range_max = range_min + sr.sr_column_size;
 
-            const auto desc = fmt::format(
-                FMT_STRING("{} value{} in the range {:.6Lg}-{:.6Lg} "),
-                bucket.rb_counter,
-                bucket.rb_counter == 1 ? "" : "s",
-                range_min,
-                range_max);
+            auto desc = attr_line_t()
+                            .append(lnav::roles::number(
+                                fmt::to_string(bucket.rb_counter)))
+                            .append(lnav::roles::comment(fmt::format(
+                                FMT_STRING(" value{} in the range "),
+                                bucket.rb_counter == 1 ? "" : "s")))
+                            .append(lnav::roles::number(
+                                fmt::format(FMT_STRING("{:.2Lf}"), range_min)))
+                            .append(lnav::roles::comment("-"))
+                            .append(lnav::roles::number(
+                                fmt::format(FMT_STRING("{:.2Lf}"), range_max)))
+                            .append(" ");
             auto mark_offset = this->ss_cursor_column.value();
             auto mark_is_before = true;
 
-            if (this->ss_cursor_column.value() + desc.size() > width) {
-                mark_offset -= desc.size();
+            if (this->ss_cursor_column.value() + desc.length() + 1 > width) {
+                mark_offset -= desc.length();
                 mark_is_before = false;
             }
             value_out.append(mark_offset, ' ');
             if (mark_is_before) {
                 value_out.append("\u25b2 ");
             }
-            value_out.append(lnav::roles::comment(desc));
+            value_out.append(desc);
             if (!mark_is_before) {
                 value_out.append("\u25b2 ");
             }
@@ -257,7 +263,10 @@ spectrogram_source::list_value_for_overlay(const listview_curses& lv,
     this->cache_bounds();
 
     if (this->ss_cached_line_count == 0) {
-        value_out.append(lnav::roles::error("error: no log data"));
+        value_out
+            .append(lnav::roles::error("error: no data available, use the "))
+            .append_quoted(lnav::roles::keyword(":spectrogram"))
+            .append(lnav::roles::error(" command to visualize numeric data"));
         return true;
     }
 
@@ -433,12 +442,23 @@ spectrogram_source::text_attrs_for_line(textview_curses& tc,
     }
 }
 
+void
+spectrogram_source::reset_details_source()
+{
+    if (this->ss_details_view != nullptr) {
+        this->ss_details_view->set_sub_source(this->ss_no_details_source);
+    }
+    this->ss_details_source.reset();
+}
+
 void
 spectrogram_source::cache_bounds()
 {
     if (this->ss_value_source == nullptr) {
         this->ss_cached_bounds.sb_count = 0;
         this->ss_cached_bounds.sb_begin_time = 0;
+        this->ss_cursor_column = nonstd::nullopt;
+        this->reset_details_source();
         return;
     }
 
@@ -454,6 +474,8 @@ spectrogram_source::cache_bounds()
 
     if (sb.sb_count == 0) {
         this->ss_cached_line_count = 0;
+        this->ss_cursor_column = nonstd::nullopt;
+        this->reset_details_source();
         return;
     }
 
@@ -533,7 +555,8 @@ spectrogram_source::text_is_row_selectable(textview_curses& tc, vis_line_t row)
 void
 spectrogram_source::text_selection_changed(textview_curses& tc)
 {
-    if (this->ss_value_source == nullptr) {
+    if (this->ss_value_source == nullptr || this->text_line_count() == 0) {
+        this->ss_cursor_column = nonstd::nullopt;
         return;
     }
 
diff --git a/src/spectro_source.hh b/src/spectro_source.hh
index cce9a372..c337ef1e 100644
--- a/src/spectro_source.hh
+++ b/src/spectro_source.hh
@@ -171,6 +171,8 @@ public:
 
     const spectrogram_row& load_row(const listview_curses& lv, int row);
 
+    void reset_details_source();
+
     textview_curses* ss_details_view;
     text_sub_source* ss_no_details_source;
     exec_context* ss_exec_context;
diff --git a/src/view_curses.hh b/src/view_curses.hh
index 5d873e49..0caabb40 100644
--- a/src/view_curses.hh
+++ b/src/view_curses.hh
@@ -291,6 +291,8 @@ private:
     /** Private constructor that initializes the member fields. */
     view_colors();
 
+    view_colors(const view_colors&) = delete;
+
     struct dyn_pair {
         int dp_color_pair;
     };
diff --git a/src/view_helpers.cc b/src/view_helpers.cc
index 6cf80b00..1111cbdf 100644
--- a/src/view_helpers.cc
+++ b/src/view_helpers.cc
@@ -1100,6 +1100,7 @@ void
 hist_index_delegate::index_complete(logfile_sub_source& lss)
 {
     this->hid_view.reload_data();
+    lnav_data.ld_views[LNV_SPECTRO].reload_data();
 }
 
 static std::vector<breadcrumb::possibility>
diff --git a/test/expected/test_cmds.sh_b6a3bb78e9d60e5e1f5ce5b18e40d2f1662707ab.out b/test/expected/test_cmds.sh_b6a3bb78e9d60e5e1f5ce5b18e40d2f1662707ab.out
index 1c6abf70..3d8822e1 100644
--- a/test/expected/test_cmds.sh_b6a3bb78e9d60e5e1f5ce5b18e40d2f1662707ab.out
+++ b/test/expected/test_cmds.sh_b6a3bb78e9d60e5e1f5ce5b18e40d2f1662707ab.out
@@ -1416,7 +1416,8 @@ lnav@googlegroups.com[1] support@lnav.org[2]
 
 :spectrogram field-name
 ══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
-  Visualize the given message field using a spectrogram
+  Visualize the given message field or database column using a
+  spectrogram
 Parameter
   field-name   The name of the numeric field to
                visualize.
diff --git a/test/expected/test_sql.sh_26c0d94d7837792144f2d0f866fb3c12a0bd410d.err b/test/expected/test_sql.sh_26c0d94d7837792144f2d0f866fb3c12a0bd410d.err
index 4233a661..78e48373 100644
--- a/test/expected/test_sql.sh_26c0d94d7837792144f2d0f866fb3c12a0bd410d.err
+++ b/test/expected/test_sql.sh_26c0d94d7837792144f2d0f866fb3c12a0bd410d.err
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
-✘ error: no 'log_time' column found or not in ascending order, unable to create spectrogram
+✘ error: Cannot generate spectrogram for database results
+ reason: No “log_time” column found in the result set
  --> command-option:2
  | :spectrogram sc_bytes                   
- = help: :spectrogram field-name
-         ══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
-           Visualize the given message field using a spectrogram
+ = note: An ascending “log_time” column is needed to render a spectrogram
+ = help: Include a “log_time” column in your  statement. Use an AS directive to alias a computed timestamp
diff --git a/test/expected/test_sql.sh_4090f96ea11a344c1e2939211da778992dab47d8.err b/test/expected/test_sql.sh_4090f96ea11a344c1e2939211da778992dab47d8.err
index 66291e24..f6c8d4b0 100644
--- a/test/expected/test_sql.sh_4090f96ea11a344c1e2939211da778992dab47d8.err
+++ b/test/expected/test_sql.sh_4090f96ea11a344c1e2939211da778992dab47d8.err
@@ -1,6 +1,5 @@
-✘ error: unknown column -- sc_byes
+✘ error: Cannot generate spectrogram for database results
+ reason: unknown column -- “sc_byes”
  --> command-option:2
  | :spectrogram sc_byes                    
- = help: :spectrogram field-name
-         ══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
-           Visualize the given message field using a spectrogram
+ = help: Expecting a numeric column to visualize
diff --git a/test/expected/test_sql.sh_57427f3c4b4ec785ffff7c5802c10db0d3e547cf.err b/test/expected/test_sql.sh_57427f3c4b4ec785ffff7c5802c10db0d3e547cf.err
index 057ca08c..95fe71a3 100644
--- a/test/expected/test_sql.sh_57427f3c4b4ec785ffff7c5802c10db0d3e547cf.err
+++ b/test/expected/test_sql.sh_57427f3c4b4ec785ffff7c5802c10db0d3e547cf.err
@@ -1,6 +1,5 @@
-✘ error: column is not numeric -- c_ip
+✘ error: Cannot generate spectrogram for database results
+ reason: “c_ip” is not a numeric column
  --> command-option:2
  | :spectrogram c_ip                       
- = help: :spectrogram field-name
-         ══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
-           Visualize the given message field using a spectrogram
+ = help: Only numeric columns can be visualized
diff --git a/test/expected/test_sql.sh_9b03e9f7a1bc35e408b3a17ee90cfdadea164df6.out b/test/expected/test_sql.sh_9b03e9f7a1bc35e408b3a17ee90cfdadea164df6.out
index 4518a348..24b33acc 100644
--- a/test/expected/test_sql.sh_9b03e9f7a1bc35e408b3a17ee90cfdadea164df6.out
+++ b/test/expected/test_sql.sh_9b03e9f7a1bc35e408b3a17ee90cfdadea164df6.out
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
 Min: 0                    1-23    24-48    49+                   Max: 291690
  Thu Nov 03 00:15:00                                                          
-▲ 70 values in the range 0-3788.18 
+▲ 70 values in the range 0.00-3788.18 
  Thu Nov 03 00:20:00                                                          
diff --git a/test/expected/test_sql.sh_9ceccab07fbf7130bffe3c201c710719e4a3e9af.err b/test/expected/test_sql.sh_9ceccab07fbf7130bffe3c201c710719e4a3e9af.err
index 4233a661..b4340e4e 100644
--- a/test/expected/test_sql.sh_9ceccab07fbf7130bffe3c201c710719e4a3e9af.err
+++ b/test/expected/test_sql.sh_9ceccab07fbf7130bffe3c201c710719e4a3e9af.err
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
-✘ error: no 'log_time' column found or not in ascending order, unable to create spectrogram
+✘ error: Cannot generate spectrogram for database results
+ reason: The “log_time” column is not in ascending order between rows 1 and 2
  --> command-option:2
  | :spectrogram sc_bytes                   
- = help: :spectrogram field-name
-         ══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
-           Visualize the given message field using a spectrogram
+ = note: An ascending “log_time” column is needed to render a spectrogram
+ = help: Add an “ORDER BY log_time ASC” clause to your SELECT statement