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learn-wgpu/assets/js/23.ce651487.js

1 line
271 KiB
JavaScript

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SEcH1kCvF4qB+3BIom1WYumd6GYcMMO9T6SlYLK/A8xE7DkrISBhmn2YecCM1D4RwoFoiYgVN+9EQ0QMDYgd4xGqZeQzr4DIDODhHOij8ittiYc5IgIwwBMyAhKF8QjFMjMLAXw6cuzGkQZl3oobZBwj/VEm0fqRHNEUTaA9UYjULKbxfRkRjrYeq1VDFtGARPvnORERILQBsdoA3PTxWn0GFMtLGIBha7CPhyYiZh+YW3uMnpusHZGIzUD4NFlmIUA4ZyFmnKUE+tisGhHTz0DsNnAefjzsIAeMHczDOWjb7ZsHLTkDsetaN88FEJ0Drt1mIaacgdh5sGTmAcAunDwFxANg7RsEhHgAlo5ItIaEnegIWzzY/4FoHUzZN8IMJGrX1gP9ZF1El/zNK1Q43aHC6Q6tXPsCT0gAsxI7z0ys/NjYhGXyCNpl9vHorq+8g2bhdIfWrHqy2WU+f3uO9/xF2z7mRQTbx8TqjyViAYmmzTDE48j6/vVG3VGyg1ERQcWEeBiLfSAmDkfj27NjTCZ/+KLmn3s3LxyEbBC2wj4TO82gTBuQwlyHpQbNUMSjraPUD59mp5D0eG+O5p84RXd0G3DEy+bWuXXb1jU6buMypX+9SjEVxao45mRtGzRBrw85S4tSMryXzd+8QuOfPF2StPnS5/X88Em69uNXlL3uDZX2GaWcSfP12qZlGvPUGd7LvDD8Z7ph7fPKWveGKnrlavmp1+j67FxNqSrT9I/z1evjJapJ66Hvh56r+bkXaVlcovf+8nZu0OSHhvktrzt7tA70G61NgyZowcDT9N+YOEZ7gwZnM0XFbvtyTD0DscqgGe542C0k5SdcKTmcSlm3WOf/Z5H+cNEC7XW0/rgn1h7So2/PUcaqhX6nd9pXoKGfPK/BmTnqe83rLYYoqXK/7llyg5I/e1WS5DxmZPPLVBTrnvzrlfT5EklS6s6PNOnDp+W6+SONXfWkUj59WZIUJ+m4z17V78oWatnEW9r+w9q+Rhnb12j0yoc14PTZ+vmFc7XFGcMIH6WzFLu+CSCiAcla7+nQYGvm2Ugo4xHM/VopKHXxyVo+5jeatG6xMlYt1D2jrtSNPYe1evm71r3ujcf+sbco7+zZ+taVrBkF/9KIP09SzN4Nmpp/nd6/4R9aHpfgd93st2/VpqkvaNHUp5SfmNri7We/c5uWTf+3Fk1brFmblmrUovMlSef+8WTtPG++frugXAMrSzRj7hDJfVC9356lq39ytV5ISpckTT86R9PzfM//gPo6nVFRrOuWPqKMlQvUdfk8zThxim7IHs5ozizAVizzLiwzvh021PEI5vYOv2XYKm8d/n3P4do/5mZJ0lnLH9WA+roWLzeirlYD3n/I+/ub467TsyldtCwuUbNyLtShoRdLkuK3LtclhQXNrn/o+Mm6YdQVrcZDkspG/UZXHjtGq2Pj9WFP/0H+tVFX6E1Xsuan99SBEZd7T+9bsb/V29vijNGTnTK1PucC72kDC79itAEBMWJt24wRMWrm0d6gmNUOh0N/H3utJCnlkxd153f/bfFyoypL5dznC8O6zlm+gdrhVHGfUd7fu5fubHb9PceOUYGz7Yn2vp45vpjExvudt6pTpvdntyvZ+3Oiu8Yvcn/ZtFyfv32Ptj12pnbd1k2F0x2amDfWe5nk8mJGG9iO5d6FZfTmLLOHo7XlNeMmrtu7DdTEs+eqx3tzNO79h1WVnh3y+6h2pRzxMrVxSd6fPfL/922889vRygdXP7v0EfX4551t3kdMfS2jDZiBNN1U0pHNJsEOZkatWYc7HtE4I3n9lKskSQkb31La2ieanf/fpDTVdxni/f3EskLvzwM89cr43nfAYWFaj4gv/7TKEr94LL5rsyY8WqusPI/+ff0yRhgQkEAHoPYMUlaLiNVmHmaLb2vmp/fU1oufaPX8T2LitOXM272//2z1Iv2mvFin11Zp4Rd/V+IXr0uSavqerjeyhkR8+d2ORn9CsZ1UGp8otxyas3+bRrZwtD0QVQHpyJqrXSMSTDgCfazR+MGJL594iTyuzFbPf/DEydo/tuFtsxkrF+j+O7volVmJGvHcTyVJdZk5yp/6tN+xGZHySmKqdp0998eaHNSMe3tp1cxY/d9jZ+r7nAsZYRC9AYnEAG2FiET6+9zDHRGzhfeZlC4qmLyw1fOXxSVq2qT5WnHjShVNuFPu7NGqTx+g8hFX6asr/p/mzvwgoIMRw+XuibP0+S+WqGL4ZXL3GKndZ92vp2Ys1TYDlwmIhDa/0jbSH0Nuxo89N3KZwjnQ8xHxAMIWELMcIGeH2Y0ZZ1kEBECwTPc23o4erR7owGvEwBnsW49DdbAh8QBgiRmIlXaQt7SsVlnr78hyEhAAYQ1IsINoKAYpO36bX7iP9SAeACIlLJuwGKSOPMiH4zlq6xN9+TcBENEZSHtnAWZ8F1S0zkYAwPCAtDWQR2oAJCIAYOGAGI2IAGg6FvC3Q0AsHZJAv0mQiCBaBnVWwggIL9gOvGiJCAgHs/lo4rTqgrfnAwoj9UKNlg+HBMz6euVvKLJirf4AInUQYKChCPZIejN//zsANGbZTVhGrpkEMsCzOQv8PZlrxRLMQAyfqbT3ez06+odm5q+iBYCoCkiwUenoQM4mLQB2ZbpNWHZ9jzebtGA3Zt2Mxd9K5DjN9GJs+oLsyNfpWmm2Y4c/VgAExNRrMkSEiIA1fWYfBIQ/OiICm72eGbSjl+H7QIz+tF8rPG7WtGBnZvoaazADYSYCEA8QECJCREA8YFaxPAXmiAgHHIJwgIBY8IXUdDmMGIw54NAkg9v0Rsch5fF8Eg+0xdCd6O19MYV6gDzS/RsxILNz3fhwNHtOCYkl4sFrP/KcvJjNtbbEfhFzxSOQ88HrkoBE2ezDzIiIeeIB4gFmIB1+QRv14ici5ooHoeF1CJMEhBcVEbHizIOItO+1x/48AmKLgZSIIFQhICKRec0RDwJCkIiIreJBRIgHDA6I1Xaem+XFHOyH1tnpo/HNMPATkdDHo+lrnBUfAsIshNmI7eJBRMITDxAQWw3GZn1RExHzDPTRHhGz7CwnQATEkBdFS5uGrPAdB0TEPAN8tEaE/R1wWu0FF+6QWOkFTUTMM7BHW0SIB0w/AwERsdKAHi0RIR4gIETEthFh57Z548FX4BIQEBFEWbw4shyGB6Q9LyBebESEAdwesw7+ngkILBQRDjiEHeIR6PWIUxQFJJB/bF4QzEYs+7zb6MunmHnAlDOQ1taS2cFGRCI5gPNNg+H7tw/V37JVD/aNFoZ+Jzr/+JF5jvmu9dDEIyvPExVffWu2neWHb6/xcjF2mIOh34mO6B0Uwv54Axzo27PTvbXrEQ5WCgkIiIgNB4cjDfQdDQivDeIBgzdhIbKicXMW+zmIB8KHt/FGYUSMHmxgr1kp8SAgICJEhHgw6wABQfjXHImItcNBPEBAYOhshKPWo2/WQTxAQBDSAYGIEA8QEBARIkI8iAcICIgIQvPvwjutgpPfY4V3c+/KPi/Y6rFxHAiaDRZ89AnxCNesI8fp1uzuq3V86vtKjV8tp6NI1fXHqcrdW/urB2tT+XD9es9J/MMREBARWDUc4YjHEKdbLw94QJmJc/1OT4zZosQYKd0lJcfdJxEQAgIiQkSIR2Ozuq7zxqOw8gE9u/06rTiUruPiqjQwYb9O7rxBRyUU8g9IQEBEiAjx8Nc3eaP353UlZ+vZyi6SpC01yVJNslSW3ew6+T1WaHy30yVJm0uf1xM7f66Z2a+qV8oS1XsStbX8Ej2x42L9rSal2Wznjm4fKafzUh2V8G/FOPbqYM04bT54jp4snKj33Yl+lx/gqNftmR9reNpyZbhWK9a5R6U1p2lD6Xl6Ys9ora2LlyS91/t1DTtqiiTp0/1/1XnbLvLexsbjpist/nFJ0ovfb9Hskv5tPh95GRs0udcwv9Pc9aN1oGa0NpVN0ILdp+m/dXGtPhfPF07StT1fUXbyGyqtGaWcjfMJCIgIjIlHuP+d6j2+4ebUri9rfm2q3izr4zdItiUhrkTzBkxXStyL3tMGp76reUlrVLopT8vdCZKkcbFVenzAA+rqmud3/VRXgU5yPa0hqdN099d5+kt154bLx1Trsf7z1C3xfr/LZ7g+1WndFkpaqbW7xjVfIE/o3zQS61yjjIQ1Gp3wsAakztbPN87VFk9Ms8slxe3XPf1vUHLsq5Ikp2OkIa853oWFgAYWDjgkHsHaWjHQ+3Na/OOadsxAvZnTV18Ovl3/6P033dF5R5vX7508SxtKp+jSLw7poa8LVV57lSSpc9yfNLPHv7yXm5P9hjceOyvnafam/bp0Q5U+2feWJCklbrFmHbPIe/m7s//mjUd13Xla8sOXmrKhSrcUlOrvO/+ng7WdWg6ignvOpxfneP+2stZ7NO4zt363ZY+Kq2+TJHV1zdOMjC9avG528q3aXnGGbikoVdZ6j4YWPExAYP6QGL15BaGPc6RmiPOKTtSuygf9TnNohzISHtYJR12sGf2ytaLPS61ev7x2mq7bebZWuRP0aHl3rSi63nvekNTXJEkjnLUanOqbeTzzwzV68VC6VtW5NGPH+XJ7GtbUs5Nu01TXAeXGuDU4zbfp593Cubq5+DitrnMpvzpV1+wdqWuLTmhliWJC+vxs8cToyYpMrd9/gfe0gSlftXjZQ+7JuuH7K5RfnWro649NWGj3YMMmLXvMOiIZD0na6nFq6pY7dEuXszQifZmykl6S01Hgd5lBadP0x4wTdXPxcc2uX1Q1QnsbbTb6prKH9+fk2FeVG7NYo1ylfrc5d1AXzW1leYYmFimtpkYxjg3e01aU9Qv48dQHuQlrhLNWt3VfrUGdVyot4SPFOT6XQ3v9LpMcV9zidfdUjVFBvfHDNwEBESEeEbPF49T/FZ0oFZ2oIc5Zuihlp0albdAJR82U07FVktQ/5WuphYDI4f+YHUEuflJMdVCbYJxNFiDeWdSu6z/b/xH1SLqzzcvEOGpbPL3anWKK1yEBAREhHoYoqI9VQVlvqay3/h23W/07/+bHgbmuxct3dX2iTIfHOwvpl7zLe16l+1Ktr4tVTFWa6j1DvLOQ324s0ctVaa0uQ26MW3WeHO8sZHznb/VaUW6rl6/1JHh/djkrvD9PcpUrMXZ5wI99WmKJXzwWf79ZLx3oq4L6WP3l6A80NnOiJV6LBAREJIriYeTz/Wb2P5Uet1ufl43UpsruKqjppJL6WF2Qsks9k5Z6L7e1/NgWr58S96KePnqqHi0cpxMSSnRa16d8MTpwiSTpk/o4bTlwuwalTZMkzez9hNJ3XKNlhzLUP6Zag1ylOintK2Unb9BJm2/V+rpYbTxwu4amXS5JOifrfj1SN0/vHOirbrHVOit9o9yeGF27Z4QkaU91N+999uv0lq5Nmqgid4Ju7bW42eantrjrG899Oqm0LlFuj0NzUrdpZMaTlnk9EhAQEWYdEZHorNDA1F9pYBv7fXcful95xce3eN62ioXKScvXa13P8jv9YO0v9Vih77QHd0zWowlfKSPhYfVImqPZA+ZodpPbOlj7S+/PD/xwsZ5I2KjMhN8pIeYtXd77LV3e6LIr9qz0/rxk//E6o9tZio/5l5Jil+i+gUsalq38DzpQfZ1SXU8H9Fy8Up2qWyrnqkfSHEkHNaNfL82QVO8ZoM1lszU49U0CAiJCRIjHYe8UjVep+wMdk/SF0uI2KyH2e8XHfKFaz2DtrxqtL0tP14K9p2iLp+U9E1W16bpr22Oa3vNk9UpZIo8jTt+WXabHd/5cy2p9BwYuq03UlM0P6reZFyondbkyElcrVjtV6T5JB2oGadPBU/Tuft8BfKvrXJq0+T7N6XqehqV9oAzXasU4C1Vac4a+PHCunt57it9tL/x2sa7o+bK6uZapTkn6ouRqzd55jv46+JZ2PR93b52lGT3769iUt+WK+Vr7qs7XG7uu0rFJOzQ41RqvTYfyPPzlImo3rxROD3yZs/I8lntOzRKPjmp69PX4767mD81EOA4EIZ2JcMAh8QABAQwbtIgI3+EBAgIiQkQMigcQCexER1gjws71yEbTbs/X1F2nSbsIIjMQMBNhJkI8QEAAIkI8AAICImLheLCzHAQERCQKI8LO8sDl91jhfZv3yj4vRPy2WruO0ctFQEBEoiwiVvoOj1B6NOMr72MvzHVoiNPd7DI7hg/znr+o28f8wRzBzJTd3udr+7BTCQiiIyLResAh+ztgJ7yNF4aGJJre5ks8Os6sb+eN9rcZMwOB4RExelAmHubX1v6BqxNKtPrYZ/TDsLH6PudcLT0mX+NiqvX54Dne6zzZ5bNWb/u8uEot7/uitg2boK3HT9HKvs/rovhy0y/XpwMf1O39s3yzAecav02ENyTvDfu/CzMQMBMxeTzYZNW6y10HdM+Aq5UQ85b3tKHp7+qxhHsV46g+4vUTYku1sP+tvo9hd0oDU1/XfQnf6D8bH/T7Cl07LBczEDATschMJFp3lgfqg2FxfmvMhbkOv+8nD8S1PV/zDtIl1TN176Z9+vWXFSqpOUYZrgVHvH7vlFu0pfwsXfllpf703Teq9wyQJHV1zdNVKbs6/NgisVwnbL5LD31d6L2Ou360d/9i1nqPnqzIJCAgIlaMCJuswm+I061+nR7x/v524XVadChD/6hN0twfLlW9Z8gRb6PCfZlmbr9Ay2oTdU9pPxVXT/Ke19NVbKvlIiAgIhaICPEIzITPa/3WmLPWe1TnyQn4+qNcZXI6tnh//6TCtz9guTtBZbXjj3gbew+doq2NvsCqtt73TU4JMdUdelxmXS4CAiJi8ogQjwgOXk2e6voO3EZNXbLf7x6P07bLRUBAREwcET6WJLI+rOrstznohOQ93p9Pj61S57iVtl8u/++TrSMgQKgG1EgecMjO8sgrqI/Vt+U3e3+/sPtzmpZYonPiDmlOryVyOgpsv1wH6l3en2OdH+nGpD3qFMF1JwICZiNB3jbxMM6z2yeryn2BJKlrwkOaP+goPT80Selx36m4epZvTd3hsOVy/bMqTQdrf+n9/a6B3bVluEPfHX8hAQHMHBH2dxjvlepU3ffNYn1b9pRq68eouu4cfVnyqm765k65nL4D6SrrXLZcrr0eh/K2/l47Kh5Sbf2YiD//DuV5eAXDMkK9tl84PfDby8rzEA+L+EVCqeYPHiiHGgbrOzfu1wtV6SxXiHEkOiw3EzH6qHU2WZnLJwPna2XRT7W2vKd+cCdoQtJeXZb9jHeQ3lX5e0MGabMuFzMQMBMJ0SDe3hkI8TCfXbnZcmhHi+cddP9K925ZqPzqVJaLgAChjUjAAVkdmtkTQu/mlEKd3/UDHZ24Vp3iV8mto1VS9RNtPDBeTxX9RKvd8SwXAQFCHxEFst+ReAAt4l1YsLSgB+bVQZ5PPBDFmIGA2UhrsxHiATADAbORds9GVge/LMQDzECAaJuJMOsAmIGAmQjxAAgIYPqBnHiAgABEhHgABARExBP22yceICAAEWHWARAQILyDPfEA+DTesPDcxHNg0n8ZSdLu/wT3Nt/up3rkOZVn0yocj/MchO255TgQwhGNOhqR7qfy50JIcBibsIhHVGpvCLqf6iEe/I2CgADtjMgYniuAgLBmg/ZGZIzUna28/K2iRexEBxE5tYWd64fDQTsAAgK0azZCOIAjYhNWCPDuDoC/VQICAAABYc0GAH+j4cQ+kDC8QHmnB0A4CAh4wQJAK9iEBQAgIAAAAgIAICAAAAICAAABAQAQEAAAAQEAEBAAAAEBAICAAAAICMNszhAAAAIZSURBVACAgAAACAgAgIAAAEBAAAAEBABAQAAABAQAQEAAACAgAAACAgAgIAAAAgIAICAAABAQAAABAQAQEAAAAQEAEBAAAAgIAICAAAAICACAgAAACAgAAAQEAEBAAAAEBABAQAAAICAAAAICACAgAAACAgAgIAAAEBAAAAEBABAQAAABAQAQEAAACAgAgIAAAAgIAICAAAAICAAABAQAQEAAAAQEAEBAAAAEBAAAAgIAICAAAAICACAgAAACAgAAAQEAEBAAAAEBABAQAAABAQCAgAAACAgAgIAAAAgIAICA8BQAAAgIAICAAAAICACAgAAAQEAAAAQEAEBAAAAEBABAQAAAICAAAAICACAgAAACAgAgIAAAEBAAAAEBABAQAAABAQAQEAAACAgAgIAAAAgIAICAAAAICAAABAQAQEAAAAQEAEBAAAAEBAAAAgIAICAAAAICACAgAAACAgAAAQEAEBAAAAEBABAQAAAICACAgAAACAgAgIAAAAgIAAAEBABAQAAABAQAQEAAAAQEAAACAgAgIAAAAgIAICAAAAICAAABAQAQEAAAAQEAEBAAAAEBAICAAAAICACAgAAACAgAgIAAAEBAAAAEBABAQAAABAQAQEAAACAgAAACAgAgIAAAAgIAICAAABAQAAABAQAQEAAAAQEAgIAAAAgIAICAAAAICACAgAAAQEAAAAQEAEBAAAAW8v8BQR2HRzqeBAEAAAAASUVORK5CYII="},365:function(t,s,a){t.exports=a.p+"assets/img/ambient_diffuse_specular_lighting.76386148.png"},366:function(t,s,a){t.exports=a.p+"assets/img/specular_lighting.b3869eb1.png"},367:function(t,s,a){t.exports=a.p+"assets/img/half_dir.bbcc23b8.png"},443:function(t,s,a){"use strict";a.r(s);var n=a(7),e=Object(n.a)({},(function(){var t=this,s=t._self._c;return s("ContentSlotsDistributor",{attrs:{"slot-key":t.$parent.slotKey}},[s("h1",{attrs:{id:"working-with-lights"}},[s("a",{staticClass:"header-anchor",attrs:{href:"#working-with-lights"}},[t._v("#")]),t._v(" Working with Lights")]),t._v(" "),s("p",[t._v("While we can tell our scene is 3D because of our camera, it still feels very flat. That's because our model stays the same color regardless of its orientation. If we want to change that, we need to add lighting to our scene.")]),t._v(" "),s("p",[t._v("In the real world, a light source emits photons that bounce around until they enter our eyes. The color we see is the light's original color minus whatever energy it lost while bouncing around.")]),t._v(" "),s("p",[t._v("In the computer graphics world, modeling individual photons would be hilariously computationally expensive. A single 100 Watt light bulb emits about 3.27 x 10^20 photons "),s("em",[t._v("per second")]),t._v(". Just imagine that for the sun! To get around this, we're going to use math to cheat.")]),t._v(" "),s("p",[t._v("Let's discuss a few options.")]),t._v(" "),s("h2",{attrs:{id:"ray-path-tracing"}},[s("a",{staticClass:"header-anchor",attrs:{href:"#ray-path-tracing"}},[t._v("#")]),t._v(" Ray/Path Tracing")]),t._v(" "),s("p",[t._v("This is an "),s("em",[t._v("advanced")]),t._v(" topic, and we won't be covering it in depth here. It's the closest model to the way light really works so I felt I had to mention it. Check out the "),s("RouterLink",{attrs:{to:"/todo/"}},[t._v("ray tracing tutorial")]),t._v(" if you want to learn more.")],1),t._v(" "),s("h2",{attrs:{id:"the-blinn-phong-model"}},[s("a",{staticClass:"header-anchor",attrs:{href:"#the-blinn-phong-model"}},[t._v("#")]),t._v(" The Blinn-Phong Model")]),t._v(" "),s("p",[t._v("Ray/path tracing is often too computationally expensive for most real-time applications (though that is starting to change), so a more efficient, if less accurate method based on the "),s("a",{attrs:{href:"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phong_shading",target:"_blank",rel:"noopener noreferrer"}},[t._v("Phong reflection model"),s("OutboundLink")],1),t._v(" is often used. It splits up the lighting calculation into three parts: ambient lighting, diffuse lighting, and specular lighting. 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