mirror of
https://framagit.org/bortzmeyer/echoping
synced 2024-11-18 15:26:17 +00:00
227 lines
7.0 KiB
Groff
227 lines
7.0 KiB
Groff
.\" $Id$
|
|
.TH echoping 1 "November 22, 1996" "ECHOPING" "echoping"
|
|
.SH NAME
|
|
echoping \- tests a remote host with TCP or UDP
|
|
|
|
.SH SYNOPSIS
|
|
.B echoping
|
|
.RI [-4]
|
|
.RI [-6]
|
|
.RI [-v]
|
|
.RI [-r]
|
|
.RI [-f fill]
|
|
.RI [-t timeout]
|
|
.RI [-c]
|
|
.RI [-d]
|
|
.RI [-u]
|
|
.RI [-s size]
|
|
.RI [-n number]
|
|
.RI [-w delay]
|
|
.RI [-h url]
|
|
.RI [-i url]
|
|
.RI [-p priority]
|
|
.RI [-P tos]
|
|
.RI [-C]
|
|
.RI [-S]
|
|
.RI [-A]
|
|
.RI [-a]
|
|
.RI [-m plugin]
|
|
.B hostname
|
|
[:port]
|
|
[plugin options...]
|
|
|
|
.SH DESCRIPTION
|
|
.LP
|
|
.B echoping
|
|
is a small program to test (approximatively) performances
|
|
of a remote Internet host by sending it TCP "echo" packets. It can use other
|
|
protocols as well (HTTP - which makes it a good tool to test Web servers, UDP "echo", etc).
|
|
.LP
|
|
.B echoping
|
|
simply shows the elapsed time, including the time to set up the TCP
|
|
connection and to transfer the data. Therefore, it is unsuitable to physical
|
|
line raw throughput measures (unlike bing or treno). On the other end, the
|
|
action it performs are close from, for instance, a HTTP request and it is meaningful
|
|
to use it (carefully) to measure Web performances.
|
|
|
|
.SH ARGUMENT
|
|
.IP hostname[:port]
|
|
Name (or address) of the server to test. For HTTP, you can specify a
|
|
port number. For HTTP and IPv6, you can use RFC 2732 syntax (you will
|
|
probably need to escape the brackets from the shell). The name can be
|
|
an IDN (Unicode domain name).
|
|
|
|
.SH OPTIONS
|
|
.IP -v
|
|
Verbose
|
|
.IP -s\ nnn
|
|
Size of the data to send. Large values can produce strange results with
|
|
some echo servers.
|
|
.IP -n\ nnn
|
|
Numbers of repeated tests. With this option, you have also the
|
|
minimum, maximum, average and median time, as well as the standard
|
|
deviation. The median is the value such that half of the measures are
|
|
under it and the other half is above. When you measure highly
|
|
variables values, like it is often the case on the whole Internet,
|
|
median is better than average to avoid "extreme" values. You can check
|
|
the "value" of the average by looking at the standard deviation: very
|
|
roughly, if the standard deviation is more than the half of the
|
|
average, the average does not mean anything. (See a book about
|
|
statistics for the details: the reality is far more complicated.)
|
|
.IP -w\ nnn
|
|
Number of seconds to wait between two tests (default is one). On
|
|
systems which have usleep(), you can write it as a fractional number,
|
|
such as 3.14. Otherwise, use integers.
|
|
.IP -t\ nnn
|
|
Number of seconds to wait a reply before giving up. For TCP, this is the
|
|
maximum number of seconds for the whole connection (setup and data exchange).
|
|
.IP -u
|
|
Use UDP instead of TCP
|
|
.IP -d
|
|
Use the "discard" service instead of echo
|
|
.IP -c
|
|
Use the "chargen" service instead of echo
|
|
.IP -h\ url
|
|
Use the HTTP protocol (instead of echo) for the given URL. If the
|
|
hostname is the Web server, the URL has to
|
|
be a relative one (for instance '/' or '/pics/foobar.gif') because HTTP 1.0
|
|
servers will not understand a request for an absolute URL. If the
|
|
hostname is a proxy/cache like Squid, the URL has to
|
|
be an absolute one.
|
|
.IP -i\ url
|
|
Use the ICP protocol (instead of echo) for the given URL. The URL has to
|
|
be an absolute one. This is mostly for testing Squid Web proxy/caches.
|
|
.IP -A
|
|
Force the proxy (if you use one) to ignore the cache
|
|
.IP -a
|
|
Force the proxy (if you use one) to revalidate data with the original server
|
|
.IP -C
|
|
Use the SSL/TLS (cryptography) protocol. For HTTP tests only.
|
|
.IP -S
|
|
Use the SMTP protocol (instead of echo) for the given server.
|
|
.IP -r
|
|
Use T/TCP (if it has been compiled with it). See the INSTALL file for details.
|
|
.IP -4
|
|
Use only IPv4 (even if the target machine has an IPv6 address)
|
|
.IP -6
|
|
Use only IPv6 (even if the target machine has an IPv4 address)
|
|
.IP -f\ character
|
|
Fill the packet with this character (default is random filling)
|
|
.IP -p\ n
|
|
Send packets with the socket priority to the integer
|
|
.IR n .
|
|
The mapping of the socket priority into a network layer or a link
|
|
layer priority depends upon the network protocol and link protocol
|
|
in use. For more details see
|
|
.B SO_PRIORITY
|
|
in
|
|
.BR socket(7).
|
|
.IP -P\ n
|
|
Set the IP type of service octet in the transmitted packets to the
|
|
least significant eight bits of the integer
|
|
.IR n .
|
|
See
|
|
.BR ip(7)
|
|
or
|
|
.BR ip(4)
|
|
(depending on your Unix). /usr/include/netinet/ip.h may contain
|
|
interesting constants for setting Type Of Service.
|
|
.IP -m\ plugin
|
|
Load the given plugin. Quite experimental. The plugin is first
|
|
searched in the normal library directories (see
|
|
.BR ld.so(8)
|
|
) then in @plugins_dir@. The documentation for a
|
|
given plugin is in
|
|
.BR echoping_PLUGINNAME(1)
|
|
. The plugin-specific options appear
|
|
.B after
|
|
the hostname.
|
|
.SH EXAMPLES
|
|
.IP echoping\ \-v\ foobar.example.com
|
|
Tests the remote machine with TCP echo (one test).
|
|
.IP echoping\ \-n\ 5\ \-w\ 10\ foobar.example.com
|
|
Tests the remote machine with TCP echo (five tests, every ten seconds).
|
|
.IP echoping\ \-h\ /\ foobar.example.com
|
|
Tests the remote Web server and asks its home page. Note you don't
|
|
indicate the whole URL.
|
|
.IP echoping\ \-h\ http://www.example.com/\ cache.example.com:3128
|
|
Tests the remote Web proxy-cache and asks a Web page. Note that you must
|
|
indicate the whole URL.
|
|
.IP echoping\ -n\ 3\ -m\ whois\ foobar.example.com\ -r\ tao.example.org
|
|
Loads the whois plugin and query the host foobar.example.com. "-r
|
|
tao.example.org" are options specific to the whois plugin.
|
|
.IP echoping\ -u\ \-P\ 0xa0\ foobar.example.com
|
|
Sends several UDP Echo packets with an IP Precedence of 5.
|
|
.SH IP TYPE OF SERVICE OCTET
|
|
The IP packet header contains 8 bits named the "type of service octet".
|
|
The value of the octet is set with the
|
|
.B \-P
|
|
option. The effects of the octet are defined differently in RFC791
|
|
.I "Internet Protocol"
|
|
and RFC2474
|
|
.IR "Definition of the Differentiated Services Field (DS Field) in the IPv4 and IPv6 Headers".
|
|
|
|
RFC791 defines
|
|
.I Precedence
|
|
which has ascending priorities 0 through to 7, and the bits
|
|
.IR Delay ,
|
|
.IR Throughput ,
|
|
.IR Reliability ,
|
|
and
|
|
.I Cost
|
|
which indicates the application's preference for the properties of
|
|
the packet's path through the network.
|
|
.I Precedence
|
|
is in the most significant three bits of the type of service octet,
|
|
followed in decending significance order by the
|
|
.IR D ,
|
|
.IR T ,
|
|
.I R
|
|
and
|
|
.I C
|
|
bits. The least significant bit must be zero. Only one of the
|
|
.IR D ,
|
|
.IR T ,
|
|
.I R
|
|
or
|
|
.I C
|
|
bits may be set.
|
|
|
|
RFC2474 defines the Distributed Services Code Point, or
|
|
DSCP.
|
|
This acts as a selector between 64 possible behaviours that the
|
|
network can apply to the packet. The
|
|
.I DSCP
|
|
is in the most significant six bits of the type of service octet.
|
|
The remaining least significant two bits of the octet must be
|
|
zero.
|
|
|
|
The numeric arguments to
|
|
.B -p
|
|
and
|
|
.B -P
|
|
can be in decimal (such as 11), octal (such as 013) or hexadecimal
|
|
(such as 0x0b). So padding decimal arguments with leading zeros will
|
|
change the value read.
|
|
|
|
You may need to be superuser to set some
|
|
.B -p
|
|
or
|
|
.B -P
|
|
values (precedence on Linux, for instance).
|
|
|
|
.SH BUGS
|
|
|
|
See the TODO file or SourceForge bug tracking system at
|
|
<http://sourceforge.net/bugs/?group_id=4581>.
|
|
|
|
.SH SEE ALSO
|
|
See the README for information about other network measurements programs.
|
|
|
|
.SH FILES
|
|
.IP "\fB@plugins_dir@ \fR" 4
|
|
Plugins directory
|
|
|
|
.SH AUTHOR
|
|
Stephane Bortzmeyer <bortz@users.sourceforge.net>
|