# Basic conditional:
if x > 0:
    print(x)

# 'if else'
if x > 0:
    print(x)
else:
    print(-x)

#ternary operator
parity = 'even' if x % 2 == 0 else 'odd'

'''
# Equivalent of:
if x % 2 == 0:
    parity = 'even'
else:
    parity = 'odd'
'''

# multiple conditions:
if x > 0:
    print(x)
elif x == 0:
    print(420)
elif x == 1:
    print(421)
else:
    print(-x)

# Basic 'for' loop:
for i in range(6):
    print(i) #prints 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5
#
for i in range(2, 6):
    print(i) #prints 2, 3, 4, 5
#
for i in range(3, 10, 2):
    print(i) #prints 3, 5, 7, 9

# Iterating through collections:
for i in [0, 1, 1, 2, 3, 5]:
    print(i) #prints 0, 1, 1, 2, 3, 5
#
for i in 'qwerty':
    print(i) #prints q, w, e, r, t, y

# 'for else':
for i in x:
    if i == 0:
        break
else:
    print('not found')

'''
# Equivalent of:
flag = False
for i in x:
    if i == 0:
        flag = True
        break
if not flag:
    print('not found')
'''

# Basic 'while' loop:
x = 0
while x < 6:
    print(i)
    x += 2
# prints 0, 2, 4

# No 'do while' loop in Python.
# Equivalent with 'while' loop:
x = 4
while True:
    print(x)
    x += 1
    if x >= 4:
        break
# prints 4