# apt-get # Command-line interface to APT package management # Update the local database of available packages, as discovered from package # index file found in their sources. This does not actually update your # installed software! For that, keeping reading. apt-get update # Upgrade installed packages, but there may be exceptions, such as important # kernel packages. Also, packages will not be removed, like if they're # deprecated, with this method. apt-get upgrade # Unlike the above, this will upgrade all of the installed packages, and # perform other actions required for a successful and thorough upgrade. This # will also allow for upgrading to the next minor release of your # distributions, such as from Ubuntu '16.04.1' to '16.04.2'. apt-get dist-upgrade # Clean out (completely) the follow locations of saved DEB files: # # /var/cache/apt/archives/* /var/cache/apt/archives/partial/ # /var/lib/apt/lists/partial/ # /var/cache/apt/pkgcache.bin /var/cache/apt/srcpkgcache.bin # # This will also, thanks to the provided flag, be somewhat verbose. apt-get clean -s # View the changelog for the firefox package. Useful prior to or after upgrade. apt-get changelog firefox # Download PKG (one or more) without actually installing or extracting them. A # good use for this might be to upgrade an offline system, by downloading the # packages on a system using an Internet-able machine. Files are downloaded # into the CWD. apt-get download PKG # Install PKG (one or more), bringing in dependencies and, provided settings # allow it, install recommended and/or suggested packages. apt-get install PKG # At times, dependencies won't be installed, yet you still need them; the # following command will often fix this, and is usually suggested to the user. apt-get -f install # Remove PKG, while also purging system-wide configuration files for it. apt-get purge PKG # Alternative syntax to the above. apt-get remove --purge PKG # Often used to first update the local database of packages, then, only if # successful, a full system upgrade is started. apt-get update && apt-get dist-upgrade # Download specified package (firefox, in this example) and all packages marked # thereby as important or dependencies. Files are downloaded into the CWD. apt-get download firefox `apt-cache --important depends firefox | awk '{if(NR>1){printf("%s ", $2)}}'`