diff --git a/z/cmd.go b/z/cmd.go
index 95f540d..d547cff 100644
--- a/z/cmd.go
+++ b/z/cmd.go
@@ -277,6 +277,17 @@ func (x *Cmd) Run() {
 	Exit()
 }
 
+// Root returns the root Cmd from the current Path. This must always be
+// calculated every time since any Cmd can change positions and
+// pedigrees at any time at run time. Returns self if no PathCmds found.
+func (x *Cmd) Root() *Cmd {
+	cmds := x.PathCmds()
+	if len(cmds) > 0 {
+		return cmds[0].Caller
+	}
+	return x.Caller
+}
+
 // UsageError returns an error with a single-line usage string.
 func (x *Cmd) UsageError() error {
 	return fmt.Errorf("usage: %v %v", x.Name, UsageFunc(x))
@@ -429,6 +440,20 @@ func (x *Cmd) Seek(args []string) (*Cmd, []string) {
 	return cur, args[n:]
 }
 
+// PathCmds returns the path of commands used to arrive at this
+// command. The path is determined by walking backward from current
+// Caller up rather than depending on anything from the command line
+// used to invoke the composing binary. Also see Path, PathNames.
+func (x *Cmd) PathCmds() []*Cmd {
+	path := qstack.New[*Cmd]()
+	path.Unshift(x)
+	for p := x.Caller; p != nil; p = p.Caller {
+		path.Unshift(p)
+	}
+	path.Shift()
+	return path.Items()
+}
+
 // PathNames returns the path of command names used to arrive at this
 // command. The path is determined by walking backward from current
 // Caller up rather than depending on anything from the command line
diff --git a/z/markfunc.go b/z/markfunc.go
index 276ff5c..05e5dcb 100644
--- a/z/markfunc.go
+++ b/z/markfunc.go
@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@ import (
 	"path/filepath"
 	"text/template"
 
+	"github.com/rwxrob/term"
 	"github.com/rwxrob/to"
 )
 
@@ -13,7 +14,17 @@ import (
 // allowed.
 
 var markFuncMap = template.FuncMap{
-	"indent":      indent,
+
+	// semantic
+	"exe": func(a string) string { return term.Under + a + term.Reset },
+	"pkg": func(a string) string { return term.Bold + a + term.Reset },
+	"cmd": func(a string) string { return term.Bold + a + term.Reset },
+
+	// stylistic
+	"indent": indent,
+	"pre":    func(a string) string { return term.Under + a + term.Reset },
+
+	// host system information
 	"exepath":     exepath,
 	"exename":     exename,
 	"execachedir": execachedir,