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README.md
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@ -1,4 +1,17 @@
### **Enable IOMMU**
## **Table Of Contents**
* **[IOMMU Setup](#enable--verify-iommu)**
* **[Installing Packages](#install-required-tools)**
* **[Enabling Services](#enable-required-services)**
* **[Guest Setup](#setup-guest-os)**
* **[Attching PCI Devices](#attaching-pci-devices)**
* **[Libvirt Hooks](#libvirt-hooks)**
* **[Keyboard/Mouse Passthrough](#keyboardmouse-passthrough)**
* **[Video Card Virtualisation Detection](#video-card-driver-virtualisation-detection)**
* **[Audio Passthrough](#audio-passthrough)**
* **[GPU vBIOS Patching](#vbios-patching)**
* **[TROUBLESHOOTING](TROUBLESHOOTING.md)**
### **Enable & Verify IOMMU**
***Set the kernel paramater depending on your CPU.*** \
For GRUB user, edit grub configuration.
| /etc/default/grub |
@ -13,8 +26,8 @@ grub-mkconfig -o /boot/grub/grub.cfg
```
Reboot your system for the changes to take effect.
### **Verify IOMMU**
***If you don't see any output when running following command, IOMMU is not functioning.***
***To verify IOMMU, run the following command, which should return result.***
```sh
dmesg | grep 'IOMMU enabled'
```
@ -44,6 +57,14 @@ dmesg | grep 'IOMMU enabled'
```
</details>
<details>
<summary><b>Ubuntu</b></summary>
```sh
apt install libvirt-bin bridge-utils virt-manager qemu-kvm ovmf
```
</details>
### **Enable required services**
<details>
<summary><b>SystemD</b></summary>
@ -70,6 +91,11 @@ virsh net-autostart default
### **Setup Guest OS**
***NOTE: You should replace win10 with your VM's name where applicable*** \
You should add your user to ***libvirt*** group to be able to run VM without root. And, ***input*** and ***kvm*** group for passing input devices.
```sh
usermod -aG kvm,input,libvirt username
```
Download [virtio](https://fedorapeople.org/groups/virt/virtio-win/direct-downloads/stable-virtio/virtio-win.iso) driver. \
Launch ***virt-manager*** and create a new virtual machine. Select ***Customize before install*** on Final Step. \
In ***Overview*** section, set ***Chipset*** to ***Q35***, and ***Firmware*** to ***UEFI*** \
@ -84,50 +110,6 @@ After successful installation of Windows, install virtio drivers from virtio CDR
Remove Channel Spice, Display Spice, Video QXL, Sound ich* and other unnecessary devices. \
Now, click on ***Add Hardware***, select ***PCI Devices*** and add the PCI Host devices for your GPU's VGA and HDMI Audio.
### **vBIOS Patching**
While most of the GPU can be passed with stock vBIOS, some GPU requires vBIOS to be patched in order to work correctly, specially NVIDIA Pascal Series GPU. \
In order to patch vBIOS, you need to first dump the GPU vBIOS from your system. \
If you have Windows installed, you can use [GPU-Z](https://www.techpowerup.com/gpuz) to dump vBIOS. \
To dump vBIOS on Linux, you can use following command (replace PCI id with yours): \
I didn't manage to get this to work on Arch Linux but works on Gentoo. So, it might not work depending on your distribution. \
In which case, you can try using live cd.
```sh
echo 1 > /sys/bus/pci/devices/0000:01:00.0/rom
cat /sys/bus/pci/devices/0000:01:00.0/rom > path/to/dump/vbios.rom
echo 0 > /sys/bus/pci/devices/0000:01:00.0/rom
```
To patch vBIOS, you need to use Hex Editor (eg., [Okteta](https://utils.kde.org/projects/okteta)) \
For NVIDIA GPU (esp. Pascal Series), using hex editor, search string “VIDEO”, and remove everything before HEX value 55. \
For other GPU, I have no idea.
To use patched vBIOS, edit VM's configuration to include patched vBIOS inside ***hostdev*** block of VGA
<table>
<tr>
<th>
virsh edit win10
</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
```xml
...
<hostdev mode='subsystem' type='pci' managed='yes'>
<source>
...
</source>
<rom file='/home/me/patched.rom'/>
...
</hostdev>
...
```
</td>
</tr>
</table>
### **Libvirt Hooks**
Libvirt hooks automate the process of running specific tasks during VM state change. \
More info at: [PassthroughPost](https://passthroughpo.st/simple-per-vm-libvirt-hooks-with-the-vfio-tools-hook-helper/)
@ -384,7 +366,8 @@ virsh edit win10
</table>
### **Audio Passthrough**
VM's audio can be routed to the host. You need ***Pulseaudio***. \
VM's audio can be routed to the host. You need ***Pulseaudio***. It's hit or miss. \
You can also use [Scream](https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/PCI_passthrough_via_OVMF#Passing_VM_audio_to_host_via_Scream) instead of Pulseaudio. \
Modify the libvirt configuration of your VM.
<table>
@ -472,14 +455,54 @@ virsh edit win10
</tr>
</table>
### **User Groups**
You should add your user to ***input***, ***kvm***, and ***libvirt*** groups to be able to run VM without root.
### **vBIOS Patching**
***NOTE: vBIOS patching is not patching directly into the hardware. You only patch the dumped ROM file.*** \
While most of the GPU can be passed with stock vBIOS, some GPU requires vBIOS patching depending on your host distro. \
In order to patch vBIOS, you need to first dump the GPU vBIOS from your system. \
If you have Windows installed, you can use [GPU-Z](https://www.techpowerup.com/gpuz) to dump vBIOS. \
To dump vBIOS on Linux, you can use following command (replace PCI id with yours): \
If it doesn't work on your distro, you can try using live cd.
```sh
usermod -aG kvm,input,libvirt username
echo 1 > /sys/bus/pci/devices/0000:01:00.0/rom
cat /sys/bus/pci/devices/0000:01:00.0/rom > path/to/dump/vbios.rom
echo 0 > /sys/bus/pci/devices/0000:01:00.0/rom
```
To patch vBIOS, you need to use Hex Editor (eg., [Okteta](https://utils.kde.org/projects/okteta)) and trim unnecessary header. \
For NVIDIA GPU, using hex editor, search string “VIDEO”, and remove everything before HEX value 55. \
For other GPU, I have no idea.
To use patched vBIOS, edit VM's configuration to include patched vBIOS inside ***hostdev*** block of VGA
<table>
<tr>
<th>
virsh edit win10
</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
```xml
...
<hostdev mode='subsystem' type='pci' managed='yes'>
<source>
...
</source>
<rom file='/home/me/patched.rom'/>
...
</hostdev>
...
```
</td>
</tr>
</table>
### **See Also**
> [Single GPU Passthrough by joeknock90](https://github.com/joeknock90/Single-GPU-Passthrough)<br/>
> [Single GPU Passthrough by YuriAlek](https://gitlab.com/YuriAlek/vfio)<br/>
> [ArchLinux PCI Passthrough](https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/PCI_passthrough_via_OVMF)<br/>
> [Gentoo GPU Passthrough](https://wiki.gentoo.org/wiki/GPU_passthrough_with_libvirt_qemu_kvm)<br/>

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